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Maternal- Child > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

data findings for a child with CHD

A
  • respiration abnormalities and infection
  • clubbing (chronic hypoxia) !
  • sweating !
  • activity intolerance !
  • need of frequent rest periods !
  • abnormal color, pulses, rhythm, and cap refill
  • fatigue during feeding !
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2
Q

what are the acyanotic defects

A

PDA, ASD, VSD
THEY INCREASE PULMONARY FLOW
SHUNTS BLOOD LEFT TO RIGHT

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3
Q

what is ASD? s/s? severity? tx? complications?

A

atrial septic defect (hole between the atria
s/s: murmur
- not that severe
tx: surgery, may close randomly, dacron patch/suture
complications: stroke and heart failure

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4
Q

what are s/s of PDA

A
  • dyspnea, wide pulse pressure present, radial pulse full and bounding on exertion
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5
Q

in COA what happens to the vessels

A

they are pinched or narrowing

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6
Q

s/s of COA

A
  • elevated bp and bounding pulses in upper extremities
  • decreased or absent pulse and decreased bp in lower extremities
  • leg pain post-exercise
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7
Q

is a cyanotic defect

A

TOF (makes heart look like boot)
- shunts blood from right to left

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8
Q

what are the 4 abnormalities of TOF

A
  1. stenosis
  2. VSD
  3. displaced aorta
  4. hypertrophy of right ventricle
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9
Q

never let a baby do what in cardiac

A

cry for a long time

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10
Q

what does a cardiac catheter show

A

blood pressure within heart

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11
Q

after a cardiac catheterization the px should not do what

A

px should not move and leg should stay still

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12
Q

what age is a cardaic cath done in an infant/kid

A

4 months - 2 years old

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13
Q

what should the pulse rate be on an infant if you want to give digoxin

A

if pulse rate of infant is lower than 100 bpm hold the med

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14
Q

what should the pulse rate be on an older child if you want to give digoxin

A

to give digoxin to an older child pulse rate should be more 70 bpm

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15
Q

how long do you count apical pulse for to give digoxin

A

count apical pulse for 1 full minute

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16
Q

how many nurses do you need to verify digoxin dose? can you skip doses? can you make up doses? can you mix it with food or formula?

A
  • need two nurses to verify digoxin dose
  • do not skip dose
  • do not make up dose
  • do not mix with food or formula
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17
Q

what are the s/s of TOF

A

cyanosis increase with age
clubbing fingers
growth retardation
respiratory infections
feeding problems
syncope

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18
Q

s/s of kawasaki disease?

A
  • strawberry tongue
  • peeling skin
  • increased platelet and coagulation labs
  • abrupt fever
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19
Q

if you have Kawasaki disease what do you do about immunizations

A

postpone immunizations for 11 months if you have Kawasaki disease

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20
Q

tx of Kawasaki disease

A

IVIG
- aspirin for anticlotting

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21
Q

what is the big difference between croup and other respiratory problems

A

barky cough

22
Q

what kind of precaution is RSV

A

contact precaution

23
Q

what will you hear with RSV

A

wheezing

24
Q

if px have tonsillectomy and is frequently swallowing what could be happening

A

px could be bleeding in throat

25
Q

with tonsillectomy what do you avoid

A

avoid milk, red dyes, coughing, sneezing

26
Q

what medication is used for exercise-induced asthma? do not use this med for what?

A

cromolyn
- do not use Cromolyn for acute episode

27
Q

how do you relief tet spells in infant with TOF

A

knee to chest position

28
Q

what are the early signs of heart failure

A
  • tachycardia
  • fatigue during feedings
  • sweating
  • dyspnea
  • weight gain
29
Q

s/s of left-sided heart failure

A

LEFT SIDED HEART FAILURE IS LUNGS
- tachypnea
- cough, crackles
- blood-tinged sputum

30
Q

s/s of right-sided heart failure

A

RIGHT SIDED HEART FAILURE IS GI
- enlarged liver
- ascites
- weight gain/dependent edema
- gi distress/ anorexia
- distended jugular veins

31
Q

administer what when a baby is crying

A

oxygen

32
Q

s/s of bronchitis (RSV)

A
  • mild fever, serous nasal discharge , wheezing cough
33
Q

what is epiglottis? caused by? is there a cough? severity?

A

swelling of tissue above vocal cords
- cough is absent
- caused by influenzae B
- life threatening

34
Q

what are s/s of asthma

A
  • wheezing, restlessness, and itchy chest, shortness of breath
35
Q

what kind of stool do you have with cystic fibrosis

A

bulky foul smelling stool that is frothy

36
Q

thick impacted feces from cystic fibrosis can cause what

A

rectal prolapse

37
Q

what diet is px on with cystic fibrosis

A

high protein
high calorie

38
Q

what kind of chest does a CF px have

A

barrel chest

39
Q

do you swab anything on px if they have epiglottitis

A

NO do not swab at all

40
Q

goals of CF treatment

A

fat soluable vitamins ( ADEK)
give pancreatic enzymes with apple sauce
infection prevention is key

41
Q

what Hgb and Hct value do you suspect anemia

A

less than 11g/dl for Hgb
Hct less than 33

42
Q

for iron deficiency anemia take supplements with what? avoid what?what does the stool look like?

A

take with straw, vitamin C, on empty stomach
- no dairy products 1 hr before or 2 after
- green tarry stool

43
Q

do not give cows milk to child before what age

A

1

44
Q

what triggers a sickle cell attack or crisis

A
  • exposure to cold
  • dehydration
  • infection
  • ## physical or emotional stress
45
Q

how do infants perceive death

A

they dont

46
Q

how do toddler perceive death

A

it is just separation or abandonment

47
Q

how do preschooler perceive death

A

reversible or in deep sleep state, death is temporary

48
Q

how do school age children perceive death

A

realize death is final by 8-9 y/o
decrease in sense of belonging

49
Q

how do adolscents perceive death

A

they feel anger and resentment
less future-oriented
trouble accepting diagnosis

50
Q

s/s of death

A

slow breathing, grey skin, vital signs drop

51
Q

how to educate on prevents SIDS

A

put to sleep on back

Maternal- Child (2 decks)

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