Unit 2

Question 1

Silk Roads

Answer 1

A vast network of roads and trails that facilitated trade and the spread of culture and ideas across Eurasia in and before the period 12000-1450

Question 2

What was being sold on the Silk Roads?

Answer 2

Luxury goods: Chinese silk and porcelain, spices, tea, ivory, cotton, wool, precious metals, and ideas

Question 3

Why did the Silk Roads expand during this time period?

Answer 3

Because of innovations in commercial practices such as the development of money economies, increasing use of credit, banks. Additionally, innovations in transportation like caravanserai and saddles

Question 4

money economies

Answer 4

started using paper money to facilitate trade in these regions. this made it possible for a merchant to deposit bills in one location and then withdraw the same amount in another location which increased the ease of travel and security

Question 5

“flying money”

Answer 5

merchants could receive pieces of paper from merchant families in one region and then go to another region and exchange that paper for coins

Question 6

rise of banks

Answer 6

banking houses were set up and there someone could present a bill of exchange and receive the amount of money equal to the bill

Question 7

caravanserai

Answer 7

inns along the trade routes that provided safety from plunderers as well as led to cultural exchange and diffusion

Question 8

saddles

Answer 8

the Chinese invented the saddle to make the job of a traveling merchant easier and not so painful

Question 9

Kashgar and Samarkand

Answer 9

Became major cities along the Silk Road, hosting cultural exchange and religious scholarship

Question 10

Proto-Industrialization

Answer 10

a process by which China began producing more goods than its own population could consume, which were then sold in distant markets

Question 11

Cultural Diffusion

Answer 11

the spread of cultural trends across locations.

Question 12

Pastoral Nomads

Answer 12

traveling people, moving from place to place depending on seasons

Question 12

Temujin

Answer 12

united the various Mongol groups under him and became known as Chinggis Khan

Question 13

Chiggis Khan

Answer 13

Mongol ruler who expanded the empire and after his death, his sons continued his work

Question 14

Pax Mongolica

Answer 14

Period of peace after the Mongol Empire was done expanding/concurring

Question 15

Khanate

Answer 15

military region

Question 16

Mandate of Heaven

Answer 16

Someone unites people so he must logically be their ruler

Question 17

Mongol Economics

Answer 17

1) built bridges and repaired roads
2)yam system- a series of communication and relay stations across the empire

Question 18

Mongol Transfers

Answer 18

1) medical knowledge
2) adoption of the Uyghur Script

Question 19

Indian Ocean Trade

Answer 19

a network of sea routes that connected the various states throughout Afro-Eurasia through trade

Question 20

Causes of expansion of the Indian Ocean Trade Network

Answer 20

1) collapse of the Mongol empire
2) commercial practices: money economies, credit
3) transportation technologies: magnetic compass, astrolabe, lateen sail, knowledge of monsoon winds, improvements in shipping like the Chinese Junk and the Dhows
4) spread of Islam

Question 20

Maritime

Answer 20

sea based

Question 21

Monsoon Winds

Answer 21

predictably blew in different directions based on the time of year it was

Question 22

What goods were traded on the Indian Ocean Trade Network?

Answer 22

common good such as cotton textiles and grains, as well as luxury goods

Question 23

Swahili City-States

Answer 23

these major cities were in the perfect location for the ocean trade routes, selling ivory and slaves

Question 24

Malacca

Answer 24

expanded and grew in wealth because of the Indian Ocean trade that passed through the Strait of Malacca; taxed ships coming and going so they could make money

Question 25

Gujarat

Answer 25

a midpoint between East and Southeast + Africa; taxed ships coming and going so they could make money

Question 26

diasporic community

Answer 26

a group of people from one place who establish a home in another place while retaining their cultural customs

Question 27

Zheng He

Answer 27

commissioned by the new Ming Dynasty to explore the Indian Ocean and enroll other states in their tributary system

Question 28

Trans-Saharan Network

Answer 28

a series of trade routes that connected North Africa and the Mediterranean world with the interior of West Africa and the rest of the Sub-Saharan Africa

Question 29

causes of expansion

Answer 29

innovations in transportation technologies such as the introduction of the Arabian camel, caravanserai, and saddles

Question 30

What goods were traded on the Trans-Saharan Network?

Answer 30

gold, kola nuts, horses, salt, slaves

(each region specialized in creating various goods)

Question 31

Empire of Mali

Answer 31

Mali entered Dhar-al Islam(a place allowing free practice of Islam). the religious and economic connection meant that Mali, once it was established, grew exceedingly wealthy because of its participation in the Trans-Saharan Network

Question 32

Mansa Musa

Answer 32

further monopolized trade between the Trans-Saharan Network

Question 33

Black Death

Answer 33

also called the bubonic plague, spread across these various trade routes, ending up killing population of people