unit 2

Question 1

Stamp Act

Answer 1

Law passed by Parliament in 1765 to raise revenue in America by requiring taxed, stamped paper for legal documents, publications, and playing cards

Question 2

Sugar Act

Answer 2

Law passed in 1764 to raise revenue in the American colonies. It lowered the duty from six pence to three pence per gallon on foreign molasses imported into the colonies and increased the restrictions on colonial commerce

Question 3

Proclamation of 1763

Answer 3

Royal proclamation setting the boundary known as the proclamation line that limited British settlements to the eastern side of the Appalachian mountains

Question 4

Coercive Acts

Answer 4

Legislation passed by parliament in 1774; included the Boston port act, the Massachusetts government act, the administration of justice act, and the quartering act of 1774

Question 5

Quartering Acts

Answer 5

Acts of parliament requiring colonial legislatures to provide supplies and quarters for the troops stationed in America

Question 6

Declaratory Act

Answer 6

Law passed in 1766 to accompany repeal of the stamp act that stated that parliament had authority to legislate the colonies.

Question 7

Townshend Duty Act of 1767

Answer 7

Imposed duties on colonial tea, lead, paint, paper, and glass

Question 8

Tea Act of 1773

Answer 8

Permitted the East India Company to sell through agents in America without paying the duty customarily collected in Britain

Question 9

Quebec Act

Answer 9

Law passed by Parliament in 1774 that provided an appointed government for Canada, enlarged the boundaries of Quebec, and confirmed the privileges of the catholic church

Question 10

Intolerable Acts

Answer 10

American term for the Coercive acts and the Quebec act

Question 11

Republicanism

Answer 11

The idea that governments must exercise power, but simultaneously cautioning that power could easily overwhelm liberty.

Question 12

Sovereignty

Answer 12

The supreme authority of the state

Question 13

Whigs

Answer 13

The name used by advocates of colonial resistance to British measures during the 1760’s and 1770’s

Question 14

Tories

Answer 14

A derisive term applied to loyalists in america who supported the king and parliament just before and during the American revolution

Question 15

Declaration of Rights and Grievances

Answer 15

Asserted that the Stamp Act and other taxes were imposed on the colonists without their consent were unconstitutional

Question 16

Minute Men

Answer 16

Special companies of militia formed in Massachusetts and elsewhere beginning in late 1774

Question 17

Declaration of Independence

Answer 17

The document by which the second continental congress announced and justified its decision to renounce the colonies allegiance to the british government

Question 18

Continental Army

Answer 18

The regular of professional army authorized by the second continental congress and commanded by washington during revolutionary war

Question 19

Olive Branch Petition

Answer 19

A last effort for peace that avowed Americas loyalty to george 3 and requested that he protect them from further aggression

Question 20

Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms

Answer 20

Declaration of second continental congress that Americans were ready to fight for freedom and liberty

Question 21

Second Continental Congress

Answer 21

Convened in philly on may 10 1775. The second continental congress called for the patchwork and revision of the way things worked

Question 22

Contract theory of government

Answer 22

Belief that government is established by human beings to protect certain rights-life liberty and property- these rights are theirs by natural divinely sanctioned law and when government protects these rights, people are obligated to obey it.

Question 23

Republican

Answer 23

used to describe theory derived from the political ideas of classical antiquity, renaissance europe, and early modern england.

Question 24

Bill of rights

Answer 24

a written summary of inalienable rights and liberties

Question 25

natural rights

Answer 25

political philosophy that maintains that individuals have an inherent right, found in nature and preceding any government or written law, to life and liberty

Question 26

nationalists

Answer 26

group of leaders in the 1780’s who spearheaded the drive to replace the articles of confederation with a stronger central government

Question 27

Shays Rebellion

Answer 27

an armed movement of debt-ridden farmers in western Massachusetts in the winder of 1786-1787. Rebellion shut down courts and created a crisis atmosphere

Question 28

Land Ordinance of 1785

Answer 28

Act passed by congress under the articles of confederation that created the grid system of surveys by which all subsequent public land was made available for sale

Question 29

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Answer 29

Legislation passed by congress under the articles of confederation that prohibited slavery in the northwest territories and provided the model for the incorporation of future territories into the union as coequal states

Question 30

Southwest Ordinance of 1790

Answer 30

Legislation passed by congress that set up; a government with no prohibition on slavery in US territory south of Ohio River

Question 31

Federalism

Answer 31

the sharing of powers between national government and the states

Question 32

Federalist

Answer 32

A supporter of the constitution who favored its ratification

Question 33

Antiferderalist

Answer 33

An opponent of the constitution in the debate over its ratification

Question 34

Judicial review

Answer 34

A power implied in the constitution that gives federal courts the right to review and determine

Question 35

Great Compromise

Answer 35

plan proposed by Roger Sherman of Connecticut at the 1787 Constitutional convention for creating a national bicameral legislature in which all states would be equally represented in the house

Question 36

Virginia Plan

Answer 36

Proposal of the Virginia Delegation at the 1787 constitutional convention calling for a national legislature in which states would be represented according to population. The national legislature would have explicit power to veto or overrule laws passed by state legislatures

Question 37

New Jersey Plan

Answer 37

Proposal of the new jersey delegation at the 1787 constitutional convention for a strengthened national government in which all states would have equal representation in a unicameral legislature

Question 38

Judiciary Act of 1789

Answer 38

Act of Congress that implemented the judiciary clause of the constitution by establishing the Supreme Court and a system of lower federal courts

Question 39

Federalist

Answer 39

A supporter of the constitution who favored its ratification

Question 40

Republican

Answer 40

party headed by thomas jefferson that formed in opposition to the financial and diplomatic policies of the federalists party; favored limiting the powers of national government and placing the interests of farmers and planters over those of financial and commercial groups

Question 41

Alien and Sedition Acts

Answer 41

Collective name given to four acts passed by congress in 1798 that curtailed freedom of speech and the liberty of foreigners resident in the US

Question 42

states’ rights

Answer 42

favoring the rights of individual states over the rights claimed by national government

Question 43

Nullification

Answer 43

a constitutional doctrine holding that a state has a legal right to declare a national law null and void within its borders

Question 44

XYZ affair

Answer 44

diplomatic incident in 1798 in which Americans were outraged by the demand of the French for a bribe as a condition for negotiating with Americans diplomats

Question 45

Whiskey Rebellion

Answer 45

armed uprising in 1794 by farmers in western Pennsylvania who attempted to prevent the collection of excise tax on whiskey