unit 2

Question 1

Atoms are composed of _______,______, and _______

Answer 1

electrons (-), protons (+), and neutrons

Question 2

Neutral atoms have the same number of _____ as _______.

Answer 2

protons; electrons

Question 3

the protons and neutrons are found in the ______.

Answer 3

nucleus

Question 4

All of the following can be found on the periodic table. (3 things)

Answer 4

atomic number( # protons + # neutrons)
atomic mass ( # of protons)
element symbol

Question 5

a bond where electrons are shared

Answer 5

covalent bond

Question 6

where electrons are shared UNEQUALLY

Answer 6

polar covalent bond

Question 7

electrons are shared EQUALLY

Answer 7

nonpolar covalent bond

Question 8

when 2 or more atoms bond together they form a_____

Answer 8

compound

Question 9

made up of 2 hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to 1 oxygen atom

Answer 9

water (H20)

Question 10

the bonding is _____ so it makes water polor. The Oxygen end of the molecule is slightly_____while the hydrogen end is slightly _____.

Answer 10

unequal ; negative; postive

Question 11

the WEAK bond between water molecules

Answer 11

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 12

water molecules sticking to other water molecules (sticking to itself)

Answer 12

cohesion

Question 13

water molecules sticking to other objects

Answer 13

adhesion

Question 14

water forming a solid like surface (ex, Jesus lizard walking on water or bellyflop)

Answer 14

surface tention

Question 15

____is the universal solvent because it can dissolve most things.

Answer 15

water

Question 16

water _______ when it freezes, this is why ice floats

Answer 16

expands

Question 17

the ability to resist temperature change

Answer 17

specific heat

Question 18

True or false

water has a high spefific heat.

Answer 18

TRUE (coastal areas have moderate temperatures)

Question 19

water has a high heat of _________, this keeps us cool when we sweat

Answer 19

vaporization

Question 20

“on a scale from 0 to 14

Answer 20

pH

Question 21

what number is neutral (pure water) has same amount of OH- and H+

Answer 21

7

Question 22

anything below 7.0, has a lot of OH- EX, soda, vinegar, tomato juice

Answer 22

Acid

Question 23

anything with a pH above 7.0 has a lot of OH- and fever H+ EX: antacid, oven cleaner, ammonia

Answer 23

Base

Question 24

a substance that resists pH change (by donating or accepting H+ or OH) Ex: egg whites

Answer 24

Buffer

Question 25

containing the element carbon

Answer 25

Organic

Question 26

what are the 4 major macromolecules?

Answer 26

Protein, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids

Question 27

what is a building block?

Answer 27

monomer

Question 28

a bunch of monomers linked together?

Answer 28

polymer

Question 29

whats made of the monomer (BUILDING blocl) amino acid.

Answer 29

protiein