unit 2 Flashcards
Atoms are composed of _______,______, and _______
electrons (-), protons (+), and neutrons
Neutral atoms have the same number of _____ as _______.
protons; electrons
the protons and neutrons are found in the ______.
nucleus
All of the following can be found on the periodic table. (3 things)
atomic number( # protons + # neutrons) atomic mass ( # of protons) element symbol
a bond where electrons are shared
covalent bond
where electrons are shared UNEQUALLY
polar covalent bond
electrons are shared EQUALLY
nonpolar covalent bond
when 2 or more atoms bond together they form a_____
compound
made up of 2 hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to 1 oxygen atom
water (H20)
the bonding is _____ so it makes water polor. The Oxygen end of the molecule is slightly_____while the hydrogen end is slightly _____.
unequal ; negative; postive
the WEAK bond between water molecules
Hydrogen Bonds
water molecules sticking to other water molecules (sticking to itself)
cohesion
water molecules sticking to other objects
adhesion
water forming a solid like surface (ex, Jesus lizard walking on water or bellyflop)
surface tention
____is the universal solvent because it can dissolve most things.
water
water _______ when it freezes, this is why ice floats
expands
the ability to resist temperature change
specific heat
True or false
water has a high spefific heat.
TRUE (coastal areas have moderate temperatures)
water has a high heat of _________, this keeps us cool when we sweat
vaporization
“on a scale from 0 to 14
pH
what number is neutral (pure water) has same amount of OH- and H+
7
anything below 7.0, has a lot of OH- EX, soda, vinegar, tomato juice
Acid
anything with a pH above 7.0 has a lot of OH- and fever H+ EX: antacid, oven cleaner, ammonia
Base
a substance that resists pH change (by donating or accepting H+ or OH) Ex: egg whites
Buffer
containing the element carbon
Organic
what are the 4 major macromolecules?
Protein, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids
what is a building block?
monomer
a bunch of monomers linked together?
polymer
whats made of the monomer (BUILDING blocl) amino acid.
protiein
