unit 2

Question 1

What is a food trend?

Answer 1

A food trend is a widespread change in food preference. Some trends prove to be long-lasting and others quickly disappear. Food trends often emerge from magazines or social media

Question 2

How have the nations eating habits changed in recent years?

Answer 2

People have become more food concious; they are focusing on healthier and more sustainable ways of sourcing their food

Question 3

What is driving change in peoples eating habits?

Answer 3

People are trying to become healthier and have less of an environmental impact; these changes will continue to happen as people learn about healthier eating and sustainability.

Question 4

How is the rising cost of food impacting peoples eating habits?

Answer 4

Healthy and fresh food is starting to cost more as prices rise. People are going to start chosing unhealthier or cheaper alternatives to fresh produce because it is more affordable which then impacts what they are consuming

Question 5

What are the stages of the local food system?

Answer 5

1. Growing
2. Harvesting
3. Packing
4. Transporting
5. Retailing
6. Eating
7. Disposing

Question 6

What are 3 traditional consumer drivers?

Answer 6

1. Convenience
2. Cost
3. Quality

Question 7

What are 3 Emerging consumer drivers?

Answer 7

1. Media Influences
2. Sustainable sourcing + packaging
3. Supporting Local

Question 8

How do consumer demands impact food processing, consumption and production?

Answer 8

Consumers won’t buy food that does not appeal to them, compaines need to produce food that will sell and attract customers. Consumers are also asking for sustainable packages - wanting to limit their impact on the environment which companies should listen too if they want to keep customers.

Question 9

What is a consumer concern in regards to animal welfare?

Answer 9

Consumers want to be assured they are not contributing to industries/companies that are being inhumane to animals

Question 10

What is a consumer concern in regards to sustainability?

Answer 10

Consumers want to be informed about long-term sustainability plans, including where and how their food is grown and processed

Question 11

What is a consumer conern in regards to organic production?

Answer 11

Consumers demand for more organic products that are free from synthetic sprays, chemicals + growth regulators.

Question 12

What is a consumer concern in regards to food waste?

Answer 12

Consumers want to be assured that food waste is not conributing to land fill and companies are finding ways to reduce their food wastage.

Question 13

Why are GM (Genetically Modified) Foods viewed badly? Why can’t they be used to sustainably source food because of consumer bias?

Answer 13

Consumers have a bias towards GM foods because of their altered DNA and possible antibiotic resistance effect they can have on the body. People also believe they are unhealthy and food goes to waste. They cannot be used as a sustainable way to source food even though they are generally higher quality and last longer.

Question 14

Why are organic foods viewed positively? Why can organic foods not be used as a long term sustainable food source?

Answer 14

Organic foods have less exposure to pesticides and antibiotics. But they come at a higher cost for both producers and consumers, don’t last as long, and require large land space.

Question 15

What is the main legistlation that governs food labelling in australia?

Answer 15

The Australian and New Zealand Food Standards Code (ANZFS). It is the code written to protect consumers and promote food safety.

Question 16

What is the purpose of the Food Standards Code (For consumers + stakeholders)? 150-200 words on exam

Answer 16

The Food Standards Code is used to make sure food is safe for consumption and prevent misleading information about products. The Code is used to make sure consumers are aware of what is in their products and where its from, it holds producers to a standard of what should and what shouldn’t be in a product and safe practices.

Question 17

How are consumers protected by food labelling laws?

Answer 17

Consumers are protected by food labelling laws because it prevents important information such as expirary dates, allergins, ingredients, storage instructions, and warning statements to be viewed and understood by the consumer.

Question 18

To what extent are the current legislative requirements for food labelling in Australia satisfying consumer or emerging consumer needs? What needs are not being considered?

Answer 18

Food labelling requirements mean that producers must include important information on packages for consumers to see. This allows a satisfactory accommodation of consumer needs from the company. By adherring to labelling laws, producers are satisfying consumer needs by allowing them to see allergins, products, and health information.
There are some consumer needs like dietary or health beliefs that are mislead or not considered by the producer like sugar content. This is because sugar labels also include natural sugars which occur from ingredients, meaning it can mislead some people. Another need not being considered is people who cannot understand english or other languages buying products without being able to understand the ingredients.

• Smaller print vs. Larger Print
• Language Barrier
• Star rating
• Misinformed/Uneducated

Question 19

What are nutritionally modified foods?

Answer 19

Nutritionally modified foods can be made with added fibre, vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients. They are generally produced to change the nutritional content of foods and also change the taste and texture. They can be fat-free chips, sugar-free lollies, fortified-iron cereals, or low-fat dressing.

Question 20

What are functional foods?

Answer 20

Functional foods are dietary items that provide energy and nutrients. They can be bread with added ingredients (grains or omega 3), cereals with added fruit, yogurts with added omega 3.

Question 21

What are the links between nutritionally modified foods and the health of consumers?

Answer 21

Nutritionally modified foods are foods that have been altered to have improved nutritional characteristics. They are associated with having additional dietary fibre and antioxidants, as well as increased prevention of diseases and constipation for consumers.

Question 22

What are some driving forces behind contemporary food development choices (consider organic & sustainable produced products, home-brand procuts, “healthy” snacks, region inspired flavours, and plant protein products). (400 words for exam)

Answer 22

Driving forces behind contemporary food development and trends can include social media, diets, environmental and animal welfare concerns, ethical concerns, connections or interests in culture, and the want to be healthier and live a better life.
Home-brand products are wanted because of convenience and price. Home-brand products cost less (cost of living crisis) and foods that are easy to cook due to lack of time.

Question 23

What are the driving forces behind organic and sustainable food development?

Answer 23

More people can be fed through organic and sustainable products and it produces less methane and uses less resources.

Question 24

What are the driving forces behind ‘home-brand’ food development?

Answer 24

Home-brand products are wanted because of convenience and price. Home-brand products cost less (cost of living crisis) and foods that are easy to cook due to lack of time.

Question 25

What are the driving forces behind regionally inspired flavoured food development?

Answer 25

People have become more interested in exploring different cultural flavours, inspired foods, and recipies. People are particularly focusing on latin america and asian inspired flavours or foods.

Question 26

What are the driving forces behind plant protein and “healthy” snack food development?

Answer 26

Contemporary consumers want more access to sustainable and

Question 27

How does the Australian Food Industry benefit from providing sustinable and organic produce to consumers?

Answer 27

environment and save money

Question 28

What are the benefits consumers recieve from buying/consuming organic food?

Answer 28

wellness, eating naturally,

Question 29

How does food labelling protect consumers?

Question 30

Why are some consumers not satisified with current food labelling?

Answer 30

using food codes/additive codes - misunderstood, gluten

Question 31

What is a food additive?

Answer 31

maize (corn) stabalizes fat - substitutes fat (for wellness)

Question 32

What is E120 in food additives, what does it do?

Question 33

What is food additive 1422? Why is it used and what is it used for?

Question 34

What is food additive 412? Why is it used and what is it used for?

Question 35

How does canning extend the shelf life of a product? (going to be on exam)

Answer 35

Gets rid of pathogens - being heated to over 120 degrees, extends the sensory profile of the food

Question 36

What is HACCP?

Answer 36

Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points. It is a process developed by the government to monitor food safety.

Question 37

What are the Food hygiene requirements? How do they differ from ANZFS and HACCP? (400 words on exam)