Unit 2 Flashcards
Linguist who stated that abstract concepts cannot be defined because definitions of words can only be scientific
Bloomfield
Approach which states that the meaning of a sentence is the result of the independent meaning of each of its words
Compositionality
Remember!
Idioms are considered to be above the word level
The metalanguage term proposed as the definition of a word. Opposite term to definiendum.
Definiens
Nominal definition whose aim is to remove the ambiguity from its denotation even though it may not be a good cognitive definition. E.g.: defining “skin” as “surface where tattoos are done”.
Extensional definition
Example:
In the definition “make-up”: “coloured substances used on the skin to make yourself look more attractive or to change your appearance”, the term “make-up” is the definiendum.
What name receives the broader class to which a definiendum belongs?
Genus
What name receive phrases which cannot be decoded compositionally?
Idioms
What should we not do with the different approaches to meaning?
Reject them
What is the genus for words such as “lipstick” and “concealer”?
“Makeup”
Which is the principle developed to confirm whether a definiendum and a definiens are identical in meaning?
Principle of identity under substitution
What is the hypothesis which states a word has a different meaning in each of its collocations, and then without considering any common feature in each of them?
Multiple Meaning Hypothesis
What is the approach to meaning which defends that the meaning of utterances must be considered as a whole providing a more efficient explanation when it comes to idioms?
Non-compositionality
What is the definitional theory which states that meanings can be defined by pointing out at its referent?
Definition by ostension
What name receives the speakers’ ability to construct an infinite number of sentences out of a finite set of linguistic items?
Productivity
Its definition by typical exemplar is what we do when we gain knowledge
Acquire
Which hypothesis states that a word has a general meaning, even if vague, in all its possible collocations?
General Meaning Hypothesis
Definition which focuses on the nature of the referent rather than in describing the meaning of the word.
Real definition
Approach to meaning in which the definitions of dictionaries are based on polysemy.
Semasiological
If the word “actress” is defined by providing a list of famous actresses we are following an approach to definition called…
Typical exemplar
Famous electronic resource based on an onomasiological approach.
Thesaurus
What do all the terms have in common in the multiple meaning hypothesis?
Vague meaning
Method through which we select a word’s appropriate specific meaning from among its possible ones.
Word sense disambiguation process
What Landau describes as a craft, a way of doing something that can be useful.
Lexicography
Differentia for the word “sunflower”
“Yellow”
Definition for the word “award” according to definition by synonymy.
“Prize”