Unit 2

Question 1

Cohesive

Answer 1

allows water to be attracted to other water molecules

Question 2

adhesive

Answer 2

allows water to be attracted to other polar molecules

Question 3

what makes water polar?

Answer 3

electrons

Question 4

Allows organisms to “walk” on water?

Answer 4

cohesive/surface tension

Question 5

2 elements of water?

Answer 5

hydrogen and oxygen

Question 6

Through which two properties does water moderate temperature?

Answer 6

Specific heat and heat of vaporization

Question 7

Define specific heat.

Answer 7

The temperature of any substance is a measure of how rapidly its individual molecule are moving

Question 8

Define heat of vaporization.

Answer 8

The amount of energy required to change the 1 gram of a substance from a liquid to a gas.

Question 9

Define hydrophobic.

Answer 9

(scared of water) it shrinks from contact with water

Question 10

Define hydrophilic.

Answer 10

(loving water) polar molecules, which readily form hydrogen bonds with water

Question 11

What are the monomers of carbohydrates?

Answer 11

Monosaccharides

Question 12

What is the carbon to hydrogen to oxygen ratio of carbohydrates?

Answer 12

1:2:1

Question 13

What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

Answer 13

nucelotides

Question 14

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

Answer 14

base, sugar, phosphate

Question 15

Name two functions of proteins

Answer 15

defense and support

Question 16

What are the monomers of proteins?

Answer 16

amino acids

Question 17

What are the four levels of protein structure?

Answer 17

primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary

Question 18

Lipids

Answer 18

a somewhat loosely defined group of molecules with one main chemical characteristic: They are insoluble in water

Question 19

What are the two main molecules lipids are built from?

Answer 19

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 20

Triglyceride

Answer 20

Fatty acid

Question 21

What other kinds of lipids does organisms have?

Answer 21

The other types of lipids that they have are terpenes, rubber, and steroids

Question 22

Phosphate group

Answer 22

attached to one end of the glycerol

Question 23

Glycerol

Answer 23

a 3-carbon alcohol, in which each carbon bears a hydroxyl group

Question 24

Fatty acids

Answer 24

long chains of CH2 groups ending in a carboxyl group.

Question 25

Phospholipids

Answer 25

are among the most important molecules of the cell because they form the core of all biological membranes

Question 26

Average fats yield is about?

Answer 26

9 kilocalories

Question 27

How many carbon atoms does most organism have?

Answer 27

about 40

Question 28

unsaturated

Answer 28

double bonds between one or more pairs

Question 29

monounsaturated

Answer 29

one double bond

Question 30

saturated

Answer 30

all the internal carbon atoms are bonded

Question 31

polyunsaturated

Answer 31

more than one double bond