Unit 2

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

The study of matter and the changes it undergoes

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

Anything that has mass and volume
All matter is made up of atoms

Question 3

Mass

Answer 3

The AMOUNT of material an object contains
Mass ≠ weight

Question 4

Weight

Answer 4

The measure of force gravity has on a certain mass

Question 5

Volume

Answer 5

The space occupied by an object

Question 6

Atom

Answer 6

Tiniest bit of matter where the essence of the substance is still retained

• electrons protons and neutrons
  -neutrons and protons make up nucleus

Question 7

Pure substance

Answer 7

Elements and Compounds
Materials that had a fixed chemical composition throughout

Question 8

Element

Answer 8

The simplest kind of matter that cannot be broken down into anything simpler and retain its identity
—one type of atom
- each element is on the period table

Question 9

Monatomic

Answer 9

“Atomic elements”
atoms that are unpaired naturally
Most elements are monatomic

Question 10

Homogeneous

Answer 10

Same composition throughout

Question 11

Heterogeneous

Answer 11

Not uniform in composition

Question 12

Compound

Answer 12

Substances that can only be broken down by chemicals reactions
Made by two or more types of atoms
Water

Question 13

Diatomic element

Answer 13

Elements with atoms that exist paired in nature
Oh bro I clearly have no food
Oxygen, bromine, Iodine, chlorine, hydrogen, nitrogen, fluorine

Question 14

Methods of separation for mixtures

Answer 14

Crystallization
Distillation
Chromatography
Filtration

Question 15

Solid - gas

Answer 15

Sublimation

Question 16

Gas - solid

Answer 16

Deposition

Question 17

Liquid - gas

Answer 17

Vaporization

Question 18

Gas - liquid

Answer 18

Condensation

Question 19

Solid - liquid

Answer 19

Melting

Question 20

Liquid - solid

Answer 20

Freezing

Question 21

Endothermic

Answer 21

Energy (as heat) flows from the surroundings into the system

Question 22

Exothermic

Answer 22

Energy (as heat) flows out of the system into the surrounding

Question 23

Solid

Answer 23

Matter with defined shape and volume
Particles are tightly packed together

Question 24

Liquid

Answer 24

Matter where particles move apart and have no order and flow past each other
Has defined volume but no defined shape

Question 25

Gas

Answer 25

Matter where the particles are very far apart and have no order Particles more rapidly to fill space No fixed volume or shape

Question 26

Plasma

Answer 26

Similar to gas but super excited and super heated Atoms broken apart into positive and negative ions Very far apart with no order and moving quickly

Question 27

Bose Einstein concentrate

Answer 27

Supercool, super not excited solid Atoms slow down so much that they near absolute zero No longer distinct particles

Question 28

Physical change

Answer 28

Properties of the substance change but the chemical identity and composition doesn’t

Question 29

Chemical change

Answer 29

Changing chemical identity and composition

Question 30

Physical properties

Answer 30

Things that can be observed without changing its identity or composition - viscosity, conductivity, malleability, ductility

Question 31

Chemical properties

Answer 31

Things that become evident during a chemical reaction - flammability, toxicity

Question 32

Law of conservation of mass/matter

Answer 32

Mass is neither created nor destroyed but rather is conserved

Question 33

Energy

Answer 33

The amount of work and object it system can do in relation to another object or system - the capability to do work

Question 34

Potential energy

Answer 34

Energy due to position

Question 35

Kinetic energy

Answer 35

Energy due to motion

Question 36

E=MC^2 M= E/C^2

Answer 36

M- mass E- energy C- speed of light

Question 37

Law of conservation of energy

Answer 37

Energy is neither created nor destroyed but it is conserved