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ap human geography > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Dependancy Ratio

A

The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64, compares to the number of people active in the labor force.

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2
Q

Ecumene

A

The portion of Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement.

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3
Q

Epidemiological Transition Model

A

The theory that says that there is a distinct cause of death in each stage of the demographic transition model. It can help explain how a country’s population changes so dramatically.

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4
Q

Erlich Theory

A

there will be a famine disaster for humanity due to over population

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5
Q

infant mortality rate

A

the number of infants who die before reaching one year of age per 1,000 live births.

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6
Q

J-curve

A

a trendline that shows an initial loss immediately followed by a dramatic gain.

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7
Q

aging population

A

a population in which the percentage that is age 65 and older is increasing relative to other age groups

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8
Q

Agricultural Density

A

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

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9
Q

Anti-Natalist Policies

A

government policies to reduce the rate of natural increase

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10
Q

Arithmetic Density

A

The total number of people divided by the total land area.

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11
Q

Bosrup Theory

A

population growth is a positive force in agricultural innovation, it drives technology forward

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12
Q

carrying capacity

A

Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support

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13
Q

Census

A

the official count of a population

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14
Q

Child Mortality Rate

A

Number of deaths per thousand children within the first five years of life.

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15
Q

Contraception

A

Intentionally preventing pregnancy from occurring

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16
Q

crude birth rate

A

The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

17
Q

crude death rate

A

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

18
Q

Demographic Momentum

A

the tendency for growing population to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution

19
Q

Demographic Transition Model

A

A sequence of demographic changes in which a country moves from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates through time.

20
Q

Demography

A

The scientific study of population characteristics.

21
Q

life expectancy

A

a figure indicating how long, on average, a person may be expected to live.

22
Q

Malthusian Theory

A

the theory that while population growth is exponential, food supply is linear, and eventually humans will hit a point of mass starvation.

23
Q

Neo-Malthusian Theory

A

the belief that population control through the use of contraception is essential for the survival of the earth’s human population.

24
Q

Overpopulation

A

the condition of being populated with excessively large numbers.

25
Q

Physiological Density

A

the number of people per unit area of arable land.

26
Q

population agglomerations

A

a population cluster, often around cities

27
Q

Population Pyramid

A

a graphical illustration of the distribution of a population by age groups and sex.

28
Q

population doubling time

A

the amount of time it takes for the population of an area to double, assuming a constant growth rate

29
Q

Pro-Natalist Policies

A

policies which are designed with the purpose of increasing the birth and fertility rate of an area.

30
Q

rate of natural increase

A

the difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths occurring in a year

31
Q

replacement fertility

A

the rate of fertility at which women would have only enough children to replace themselves and their partner.

32
Q

S-curve

A

a graph which begins with the exponential growth of a j-curve before leveling out.

33
Q

sex ratio

A

the ratio of males to females in a population.

34
Q

total fertility rate

A

the average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.

35
Q

zero population growth

A

the maintenance of a population at a constant level by limiting the number of live births to only what is needed to replace the existing population.

ap human geography (1 decks)

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