UNIT 2

Question 1

What is the difference between neurons and glial cells?

Answer 1

glial cells are essentially a support system for neurons

Question 2

what is reuptake?

Answer 2

moving a neurotransmitter from the synapse back into the axon terminal from which it was released

Question 3

what do psychoactive drugs correct?

Answer 3

neurotransmitter imbalances

Question 4

which part of the nervous system is responsible for fight or flight?

Answer 4

sympathetic

Question 5

what structure in the brain allows the two hemispheres to communicate with each other?

Answer 5

corpus callosum

Question 6

the brain’s ability to change, adapt, and reorganize itself is called

Answer 6

plasticity

Question 7

where would we find the motor cortex, prefrontal cortex, and Broca’s area?

Answer 7

frontal lobe

Question 8

what is the prefrontal cortex responsible for?

Answer 8

higher-level cognitive functioning

Question 9

Where is the somatosensory cortex?

Answer 9

parietal lobe

Question 10

where is the auditory cortex and wernicke’s area?

Answer 10

temporal lobe

Question 11

where is the visual cortex?

Answer 11

occipital lobe

Question 12

the occipital lobe is organized retinotopically, which means

Answer 12

there is a close relationship between the position of an object in a person’s visual field and the position of that object’s representation on the cortex

Question 13

What is the thalamus?

Answer 13

a relay center where most of the senses are routed for processing

Question 14

what are the 3 structures that make up the limbic system?

Answer 14

amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus

Question 15

What area of the midbrain produces the neurotransmitter dopamine and cell bodies that are critical for movment?

Answer 15

substantia negra

Question 16

the reticular formation is centered in the midbrain and is important in regulating

Answer 16

the sleep/wake cycle, arousal, alertness, and motor activity

Question 17

What part of the hindbrain controls balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills?

Answer 17

cerebellum

Question 18

What are the following scans: CT, EEG, FMRI, MRI, PET

Answer 18

computerized tomography, electroencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography

Question 19

epigenetics studies how the same gene can lead to

Answer 19

different results

Question 20

What is the epigenome?

Answer 20

it is made up of chemical compounds and proteins that attach to DNA and turn genes on or off, controlling the production of proteins in particular cells

Question 21

True or False : the epigenome can be altered through various experiences and environments

Answer 21

true