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Health Assessment > Unit 1C: The Client in Context: Culture, Spirituality, Family, & Community > Flashcards

Unit 1C: The Client in Context: Culture, Spirituality, Family, & Community Flashcards

1
Q

CULTURE

A

the totality of socially transmissible behavioral patterns, arts, beliefs, values, customs,
lifeways, and all other products of human work and thought characteristic of a population
or people that guide their worldview and decision making

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2
Q

Subculture

A

composed of people who have a distinct identity and yet are related to a
larger cultural group

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3
Q

Race

A

the classification of people according to shared biologic characteristics, genetic marker or feautre.

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4
Q

Acculturation

A

the process where people adapt to or borrow traits from another culture

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5
Q

Culture shock

A

a disorder that occurs in response to transition form one cultural setting to another

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6
Q

Stereotyping

A

assuming all members of a culture or ethnic group alike

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7
Q

Ethoncentrism

A

the tendency to view your own way of culture as the most desirable, acceptable, or best, and to act in a superior manner towards other cultures

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8
Q

Cultural imposition

A

the tendency to impose your belief, values, and patterns of behavior on individuals from another culture

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9
Q

Characteristics of culture

A

Learned, shared, adapted, universal

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10
Q

Culture bound symptom

A

are culturally-defined conditions which may have no equivalent from a
biomedical/scientific perspective.

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11
Q

CHINESE

A
  • eye contact may be considered disrespectful
  • hesitant to ask questions; nodding may not mean agreement
  • respect elders & authority figures
  • the word “no” may be interpreted as disrespect for others
  • touching unacceptable with members of opposite sex
  • female clients usually prefer a female care provider
  • family involvement in care is preferred
  • health beliefs: illness is an imbalance between yin and yang
  • yin foods are cold and yang foods are hot
  • other health practices:
    (1) acupuncture;
    (2) medicinal herbs;
    (3) ventosa;
    (4) acupressure/massage
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12
Q

KOREAN

A

similar cultural characteristics with the Chinese.
* touching someone’s head is considered disrespectful
* culture bound syndrome: ‘hwa-byung

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13
Q

‘hwa-byung

A

(a mental illness common in married, middle-aged
women; triggered by life crises)

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14
Q

Chinese: Yin =

A

yin foods are cold

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15
Q

Chinese: Yang =

A

yang foods are hot

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16
Q

Chinese health practices

A

(1) acupuncture;
(2) medicinal herbs;
(3) ventosa;
(4) acupressure/massage

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17
Q

MIDDLE EASTERN

A

men & women do not shake hands, touch each other or go together in public, unless they
are married or belong to same immediate family
* physically robust person considered healthy
* culture is male-dominated
* HC provider should only be of the same sex
* culture is highly influenced by Islamic religion
* culture bound syndrome: ‘Zar‘

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18
Q

Zar

A

Middle eastern:
(apathy & withdrawal believed to be caused by spirit
possession)

19
Q

HISPANIC AMERICAN

A

tend to be verbally expressive, yet values confidentiality (sensitive to open discussions
regarding sex)
* believes illness to be caused either by the supernatural, as a punishment from God or as an
imbalance between the caliente & frio forces
* health practices: when ill, first seeks advice from older women in family, then goes to
either an “jerbero” (specializes in the use of herbs) or “curandero/curandera” (holistic
healer); if no relief, may go to a physician
* culture bound syndromes: mal ojo (“evil eye”), empacho (“ball of food”), susto (“soul loss”
following extreme fright), caida dela mollera (“depressed fontanelle” due to improper
handling of infant)

20
Q

“jerbero”

A

Hispanic american,, (specializes in the use of herbs)

21
Q

“curandero or curandera”

A

Hispanic american,, (holistic
healer)

22
Q

mal ojo

A

evil eye

23
Q

empacho

A

ball of food

24
Q

susto

A

soul loss; following extreme fright

25
Q

caida dela mollera

A

depressed fontanelle due to improper handling of infant

26
Q

African american

A

menstruation is believed to rid the body of dirty and excess blood.
* have rich tradition of herbal remedies.
* culture bound syndromes: voodoo illness (as a result of witchcraft), falling out (sudden
collapse, fainting or blacking out; normal reaction)

27
Q

Filipino

A
  • need to engage in “small talk” before discussing more serious matters
  • respect the elderly & people older than you
  • sex & socioeconomic status too personal to discuss
  • expressing pain or crying is a sign of weakness (esp. among males)
  • cultural beliefs: believes that illness may be caused by evil spirits; may see folk/faith
    healers
  • health practices: flushing (stimulating perspiration), protection (use of amulets, religious
    medals, pictures, statues)
  • culture bound syndromes: ‘panuhot‘, ‘nabuyagan’, ‘pasmo’, ‘kabuhi’, ‘barang
28
Q

CULTURAL COMPETENCE

A

refers to an ability to interact effectively with people of different cultures

29
Q

SPIRITUALITY

A

-a search for meaning & purpose in life, w/c seeks to understand life’s questions in relation to the sacred

-informal, non-organized, self-reflection & experienced

30
Q

Spiritual assessment

A

will help the nurse address client’s spiritual needs to maintain well-being

31
Q

RELIGION

A

refers to rituals, practices & experiences involving a search for the sacred (God, Allah) that
are shared within a group

has different views on health and illness

formal, organized, ritualistic & group-oriented

32
Q

BUDDHISM

A
  • prayer & meditation are used for cleansing & healing
  • death is associated with rebirth into another form (reincarnation)
  • many are strict vegetarians
33
Q

HINDUISM

A
  • illness is a result of past & current life actions (karma)
  • the RIGHT hand is seen as holy; thus, eating & interventions needs to be with the RIGHT
    hand to promote clean healing
  • many but not all are vegetarians; NO BEEF
34
Q

ISLAM

A
  • prayer occurs 5 times per day: at dawn/sunrise, noon, afternoon, sunset, & evening
  • prayers are done facing the EAST on a rug; it is preceded by washing hands & feet
  • ladies are not to view men other than their husbands, naked
  • all outcomes in life are seen as predetermined by Allah
  • it is important for dying clients to face EAST & die facing EAST
  • consumption of pork & alcohol is prohibited
35
Q

Ramadan

A

month of fasting; refraining from eating, drinking, having sex & indulging in
anything in excess or ill-natured from dawn until sunset

36
Q

CHRISTIANITY

A
  • Jesus Christ is the savior & miracles can happen through prayers
  • Extreme unction for the dying
  • Emergency baptism for dying/dead newborns
37
Q

JUDAISM (Jews)

A
  • Restrictions related to work on holy days are removed to save a life
  • Psalms & last prayer of confession (vidui) are held at bedside
  • At death, arms are NOT crossed & any clothing or bandages should be buried with the
    person
  • DIET: NO mixing of meat & dairy; Kosher laws include special slaughter & food handling;
    unleavened bread only during Passover week
38
Q

Religious person of Jews

A

Rabbi

39
Q

JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES

A

PROHIBITS consumption, storage & transfusion of blood

40
Q

CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS (Mormon) and SEVENTH
DAY ADVENTIST

A
  • PROHIBITS alcohol, coffee, tea and tobacco/smoking
  • Sabbath is strictly observedfrom Friday evening (6PM) to Saturday evening (6PM)
  • Encourage to enrol in religious friendly schools or their own operated schools
41
Q

FAMILY

A
  • consists of individuals YOU consider to be your significant others
  • role of____ in illness: the family’s beliefs about health, illness and related behaviors,
    and the meaning of health and illness have for the _____ tend to affect each member’s
    behavior
  • _____ assessment is IMPORTANT
42
Q

Community

A
  • geopolitical communities determined by natural boundaries
  • organized based on the relationship between people
43
Q

Holistic nursing

A

nursing which recognizes the biopsychosocial & spiritual dimensions of persons;
recognizing that individuals are unitary wholes whose lives are intertwined with family,
culture & environment

Health Assessment (3 decks)

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