Unit 1A Revision Flashcards
Exam Preparation
What is a subjective performance measure?
Measures that give opinions, feelings and impressions of the observer. It will require some interpretation (for example: reviewing a risk assessment and judging whether or not it is satisfactory.
What is an active performance measure?
Measures against a set performance standard by focusing on the positives and strengths of the system through measuring performance before an incident occurs.
What is a qualitative performance measure?
Measures using observations and descriptive data, without using numerical data. Often uses opinion based, comparisons. Because the information is not quantified, the results become less precise.
What is a quantitative performance measure?
Measures using numerical and statistical data. For example, taking precise readings when sampling for dust in a work environment.
What is a reactive performance measure?
Measures failures, such as incidents, accidents, near misses, ill-health and non-compliance with performance standards, focusing on weaknesses and omissions. It has no predictive use but can be utilized as preventive in identifying changes that need to be made
What is an objective performance measure?
Measures performance independent of the observer and do not require interpretation. These performance measurements often involve some sort of measurement (for example: an employee is either wearing safety gloves or they are not)
What is an audit
High level assessment of health and safety policy, procedure and systems.
What is a safety survey
General inspection of particular dangerous activities, processes or areas.
What is a tour
General inspections of the workplace.
What is safety sampling
Systematic appraisal of particular dangerous activities, processes or areas.
What are the benefits of an external audit
- An unbiased approach.
2. Knowledge of industry best practice is higher.
What are the objectives of a performance review
- To make judgments about the adequacy of health and safety performance.
- To obtain assurances that the system for managing health and safety is working.
- To ensure the law is complied with.
- To set standards of performance., To respond to change.
What are the outputs of a health and safety performance review
The outputs of a health and safety performance review are the actions that are required going forwards to improve the performance of health and safety in an organisation such as new performance targets, stakeholder reports, and action plans to implement improvements.
- Additional risks that may require assessment, etc., Action plans
- Amendment or creation of new performance targets.
Something with the potential to cause harm.
Hazard
Rate at which harm occurs over a given period of time
Incidence/frequency,
Proportion of cases where harm has occurred at a given time.
Prevalence,
How much harm can, or has been, caused by a particular source
Severity
Name external sources of information considered in a risk assessment process
- Enforcement agencies
- Approved Code of Practice (ACoP)
- Insurance company.
Is the following statement true of false: One of the easiest ways to identify hazards is to walk around the workplace and look at the activities.
True
At which stages can a Hazard Operability Study (HAZOP) be used
At the design stage.
When the process is already in operation.
Is the following statement true or false?
All risks assessments are done following the same process.
False
Which common groups would be classed as vulnerable in the risk assessment process
Migrant workers., Young people (i.e. under 18)., Pregnant or nursing mothers., People with a mental disability., People with reduced mobility., New workers., People with sensory impairment.
What is a fault tree analysis
A top-down approach where an undesired outcome is identified and the specific events leading to it are determined. The purpose is to improve the reliability and safety of the system. It does this through identifying the potential causes of failures and by allowing the probabilities of such failures to be calculated. The analysis uses logic gates and is worked backwards from the top event.
A knowledge based choice not to be involved in an activity/task so as not to be exposed to the risks. The best solution with respect to managing risk. It involves the elimination of hazards, activities and exposures that can negatively affect an organisation’s assets.
Risk Avoidance
This strategy involves implementing controls, usually through engineering, procedural and behavioral measures. The aim is to reduce the risk to an acceptable level through the use of health and safety management systems and the hierarchy of controls.
Risk Reduction
The use of insurance or contractors to assume responsibility for all or part of a risk.
Risk Transfer
What is a work agreement
Senior managerial agreement for a specified piece of work on a specific area or system that is high risk with potentially stored or live energy sources e.g. working on a live electrical system.
What is transformational leadership
More emphasis on its influencing worker behavior. This style of leadership focuses on motivating, inspiring, and encouraging workers to improve their performance, inspiring workers with the leader’s vision of the future, role-modelling, encouraging team work and goals, demonstrating high performance expectations, providing encouragement and support, increasing workers’ awareness, and stimulating workers to think again about how work can be performed.
What is servant leadership
This type of leader empowers workers by supporting new ideas, sharing power, putting the needs of others first, and helping people develop and improve performance. It is the opposite of an authoritarian leadership style. Workers participate in the decision making as much as undertaking the tasks.
What is transactional leadership
In an exchange between the leader and the follower, both parties fulfill their roles and receive something in return. Importance is placed on detailed and short-term goals following set rules and procedures. This kind of leadership style may work well in smaller organisations or where organisational issues are simple and clearly defined. Such leaders tend to dismiss ideas that do not fit with existing plans and goals.
What is situational and contextual leadership
Leadership of workers is adapted to the skills and job maturity of the individual worker, and that there is no single “best” style of leadership. This style of leadership is adaptable and not suited to large organisations where it can be seen as favoritism by some workers when they see that others are treated differently to themselves. Leaders support their followers or workers based on their individual needs and capabilities. By doing this, workers will improve their skills, maturity and independence.
What are some benefits of good leadership
- Reduced sickness absence. Workers are healthier. There are fewer instances of common work-related health problems, such as back injuries, or stress.
- Fewer accidents.
- Workers understand the management structure, who they report to and who they are responsible for.
List the 5 steps for managing contractors
Step 1: → Planning Step 2: → Selection of a contractor Step 3: → Controlling contractors working on site Step 4: → Monitoring Step 5: → Reviewing the work
What is psychology
The science of the mind and behavior.
What is sociology
The systematic study of human society, culture, and relationships on a group level.
How do you calculate incident/accident severity rate?
(Total number of days lost / Total number of man hours worked in the period) x 1,000.
How do you calculate ill health prevalence rate?
Number of people with work related illness over 12 months / Average number of people employed) x 1,000.
How do you calculate incident/accident incidence rate?
(Total number of accidents / Average number of persons employed) x 100,000.
How do you calculate incident/accident frequency rate?
(Total number of accidents / Total number of man hours worked) x 1,000,000.
Define a root cause?
An initiating event or failing from which all other causes or failings spring. Root causes are generally management, planning or organisational failings, e.g. no system to purchase more PPE before existing stock levels run out.
What is an accident
an event that results in injury or ill health.
