Unit 1a human biology Flashcards
Once detected by the stimulus, what does the impulse travel through?
Along the Sensory neurone and to the spinal cord
What is the stimulus detected by?
Receptor
What does the sensory neurone pass the message along to?
Relay neurone
Which neurone does the relay neurone send the impulse to?
Motor neurone
The impulse travels along the motor neurone to the…?
Effector
What does the effector the do?
Takes action! E.g. Moves your hand away from the bee
Synapses connect neurones,
What is the connection between the two neurones called?
Synapse
Reflexes-
How is the nerve signal transferred?
By chemicals which diffuse across the gap
Reflexes-
What do the chemicals that have diffused then set off?
New electronic signals in the next neurone
Hormones
What does the pituitary glad produce?
LH, FSH, and ADH
What does FSH cause?
Cause an egg to mature in one of the ovaries
What does LH cause?
Stimulates the release of an egg at the middle of menstrual cycle
Where is oestrogen made?
Produced in the ovaries
Homeostasis
Water is taken in by food and drink, which ways is water lost?
Through the skin as sweat
Via the lungs in breath
Via the kidneys as urine
What is cholesterol?
It’s a fatty substance, that’s essential for good health
What is cholesterol transported by in the blood?
Lipoprotein
Why is low density lipoproteins a ‘bad cholesterol’?
Because the excess can build up in the arteries
What does drugs do?
Alter what goes on in your body
What are the two types of pathogens?
Bacteria and viruses
How does bacteria make you ill?
By damaging your cells and producing toxins
Viruses are not…?
Cells
Which blood cell fights the illness?
White blood cells
What does white blood cells produce?
Antibodies which lock on and kill the invading cells
