Unit 1.5 Structure of the Genome Flashcards
1
Q
What are genes?
A
DNA sequences that code for the production of a protein
2
Q
How much do we differ genetically from other humans?
A
0.2% or 1 in 500 bases we also share 98% of our DNA with chimpanzees
3
Q
What is the role of non-coding regions of DNA?
A
Some genes are not expressed all the time and need to be switched on by transcription factors. These transcription factors bind to the non-coding sequences and regulate transcription
- Some other non-coding regions of DNA are transcribed into rRNA or tRNA
4
Q
which type of RNA is translated into protein?
A
mRNA is translated into protein and tRNA and rRNA are not.
5
Q
What is the genome of an organism?
A
the organism’s entire herediteary information encoded in DNA
6
Q
What is a genome made up of?
A
Genes and other non-coding regions of DNA that do not code for the production of proteins
