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OCR GCSE 2019 COMPUTER SCIENCE > Unit 1.5 - Network topologies, protocols and layers > Flashcards

Unit 1.5 - Network topologies, protocols and layers Flashcards

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1
Q

Topology

A

Diagram showing the Layout of connections in a network

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2
Q

Features - Star Topology

A

Computers connected to a

central switch in a LAN

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3
Q

Advantages - Star Topology

A

Reliable
No Data Collisions
High Performance
Easy to Add/Remove Nodes

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4
Q

Disadvantages - Star Topology

A

Expensive - Cables
Extra Hardware - Switches
Server/Switch Fails - connected nodes fail

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5
Q

Features - Mesh Topology

A

Switches/Routers connected so more than one possible route

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6
Q

Advantages - Mesh Topology

A

Reliable & Self-Healing
High Performance- Data sent same time, No Collisions, High Traffic
No Central Node

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7
Q

Disadvantages - Mesh Topology

A

Expensive & Difficult - Cables

Redundant Connections

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8
Q

Uses - Mesh Topology

A

Cluster of Surveillance Drones

Military Communications

Smart Devices around the home

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9
Q

Features - Ring Topology

A

Device connect to two others in ring. Data Travels in one Direction

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10
Q

Advantages - Ring Topology

A

No Data Collisions

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11
Q

Disadvantages - Ring Topology

A

Cable/Device fail - Network fail

Low Performance

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12
Q

Features - Bus Topology

A

One Main cable.

Terminators - stop signals reflecting back

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13
Q

Advantages - Bus Topology

A

Easy to install

Low Cost - Cable

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14
Q

Disadvantages - Bus Topology

A

Cable fail - Network fail
Data Collisions
Low Performance
Security Risks - All devices see all data

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15
Q

Wi-Fi

A

Wireless connection to Network

Requires a WAP / Router.

Data sent on specific frequency called a channel

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16
Q

Advantages - Wi-Fi

A

Convenient & Low Cost

No Cables - Wander around

Add/Remove Devices easily

Less Disruption to Building/Walls

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17
Q

Disadvantages - Wi-Fi

A

Interference & Signal quality

Less Secure - Hacking

Lower Bandwidth than wired

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18
Q

Wi-Fi - Frequency

A

2.4 Ghz

5 Ghz

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19
Q

Features - 2.4 Ghz

A

Long range
Slow data transmission
(450 Mbps or 600 Mbps)
Interference from Cordless phones, baby monitors

20
Q

Features - 5 Ghz

A

Short range
Fast data transmission
(1300 Mbps)

21
Q

Wi-Fi - Channels

A

Channels 1 - 11

Used for Radio Wave Communication

Interference
Cordless phones, baby monitors.

22
Q

Wi-Fi - Encryption

A

Data is Scrambled
during communication

Protect from Hackers, unreadable if intercepted.

Recipient needs Key to decode

23
Q

Wi-Fi - Protocols

A

Set of rules for how computers communicate (send/receive data)

Speed of transmission, size of the message, error checking, transmission

24
Q

TCP/IP

A

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TCP Provides Error Free Transmission Separates & Reassembles data packets

IP routes packet across a WAN giving the packet its destination address.

25
Q

HTTP

A

Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol

Allows the browser to communicate with a web server to request and deliver HTML Web Pages

26
Q

HTTPS

A

Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol Secure

Encrypts connection/data

27
Q

FTP

A

File Transfer Protocol

Transmit files between client & server

28
Q

POP

A

Post Office Protocol

Allows Email Clients to retrieve and delete email from an email server

29
Q

IMAP

A

Internet Message Access Protocol

Allows Email Clients to retrieve email from an email server (not deleted).

30
Q

SMTP

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Send emails to Email Server

31
Q

Layers

A

Reduces the complexity of networking into smaller manageable sub-problems

32
Q

Layers - Application (7)

A

APPLICATION you are using

33
Q

Layers - Presentation (6)

A

ENCRYPT / FORMATS / TRANSLATE / COMPRESS

the data

34
Q

Layers - Session (5)

A

CONNECTIONS are established, managed, and torn down

when communicating on a LAN (Same network)

35
Q

Layers - Transport (4)

A

CREATING, SEQUENCING, ERROR CHECKING packets

When communicating on a WAN (Different networks).

36
Q

Layers - Network (3)

A

ROUTING PACKETS on a WAN (Different networks)

37
Q

Layers - Data Link (2)

A

CREATING, ROUTING, ERROR CHECKING frames

When communicating on a LAN (Same networks)

38
Q

Layers - Physical (1)

A

DATA ENCODING bits (0/1).

39
Q

Data Packet

A

A unit of data transmitted across a network.

TCP splits Large Files down into small packets

40
Q

Data Packet - Header

A 
Contains:
IP address
Packet number
Length of packet
Protocol used
41
Q

Data Packet - Payload

A

Contains:

The Data

42
Q

Data Packet - Trailer

A

Contains:
End-of-packet marker
Error checking (Check sum)

43
Q

Packet Switching - Frame

A

Unit of data transmitted between two locations on LAN

44
Q

Packet Switching

A

Sending data packets across a network.

Each packet finds its own route and reassembled at destination

45
Q

Circuit Switching

A

Link is established first Packets sent in a stream along the established connection until received

46
Q

Data Collisions

A

2 devices transmit data
on the same network
at the same time
down the same connection

47
Q

Packet Sniffing

A

Captures a copy of
packets of data for
reading / analyzing

OCR GCSE 2019 COMPUTER SCIENCE (5 decks)

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