Unit 1.4 Flashcards
What determines the protein’s structure and function
The sequence of amino acids determines the protein’s structure and function
Name the 5 different types of protein
Structural
Hormones
Antibodies
Receptors
Enzymes
Define structural
Hold tissues together
Define hormones
Hormones are chemical messengers which carry a message from a gland to a receptor via the blood
Define receptors
Receptors bind to a hormone and tell the target cell what to do
Define enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts and are made by all living cells
What do enzymes do
They speed up chemical reaction and they remain unchanged at the end of the reaction
Define substrate
The reactant (s) in a reaction and is specific to an enzyme
Define active site
The part of an enzyme where a specific substrate can attach or fit into
Why are enzymes specific
Each enzyme can only speed up a particular chemical reaction which makes them specific
Explain active sites
The shape of the active site of the enzyme molecule is complementary to its specific substrate. When the substrate joins with the enzyme at the active site they form an enzyme-substrate bond complex.
What are products
The substance that is produced at the end of the reaction is called a product
What do enzymes action result in
product (s)
Give an example of a degradation reaction
Amylase
Starch ———–> Maltose
Give an example of a synthesis reaction
Phosphorylase
Glucose ——————> Starch
