Unit 12: Conduction in Liquids and Gases Flashcards
Conduction in a liquid depends on the movement of ________.
Electrical conduction in a liquid is caused by a movement of charged atoms called ions.
What is a negative ion?
Atoms that have gained extra electrons are known as negative ions.
What is a positive ion?
Atoms that have a deficiency of electrons are known as positive ions.
Name three basic substances that can be used to produce ionization in a liquid.
Sulfuric acid, copper sulfate, and cuprous cyanide.
What is an electrolyte?
Solutions of acids, alkalies, and metallic salts are referred to as electrolytes.
What is used to hold a sulfate ion together?
Sulfuric acid in its pure form is not useful as an electrolyte. When it is combined with water the molecules separate into ions. The hydrogen atoms lose their electrons and become a positive ion. The two electrons lost by the hydrogen atoms are connected to the sulfur atom and four oxygen atoms. The two extra electrons actually hold the sulfate ion together.
What is the negative terminal of a power source called?
The negative terminal of a device is called the cathode.
What is the positive terminal of a power source called?
The positive terminal of a device is called the anode.
What determines the thickness of the coating during an electroplating process?
The thickness of the coating is determined by the length of time the process is permitted to continue.
What is electrolysis?
The term electrolysis refers to the process of separating elements electrically.
What is ionization potential?
The amount of voltage, or potential, an electron must possess to cause ionization is called the ionization potential.
What is the most important factor in the ionization of a gas?
Gas can be ionized more easily when it is at a low pressure than when it is at a high pressure.
Name two factors that determine the speed an electron attains inside a gas environment.
- Atmospheric pressure. 2. The type of gas in the surrounding atmosphere.
What determines the density of the molecules in a gas environment?
The pressure inside the tube determines the density of the gas molecules.
What determines the color of light emitted by a gas-filled tube?
The color of the light is characteristic of the type of gas.
