Unit 12

Question 0

Earliest form of heavy metal

Answer 0

Black Sabbath

Question 1

Heavy metal

Answer 1

Developed out of the more aggressive aspects of rock in the 60s and 70s
Garage bands and punk were early models of heavy metal

Question 2

Heavy mental musicians and fans were referred to as

Answer 2

Head bangers

Question 3

New wave of British heavy metal

Answer 3

Musicians in metal wanted to go back to rock and roll
Lazy Osborne
Judas Priest
Def Leppard

Question 4

New wave of British heavy mental

Answer 4

Guitar driven sound
Pyrotechnical solos
Heavy drumbeats

Question 5

LA heavy metal

Answer 5

Heavy metal scene was underground until it reached LA
Ex. Mötley Crüe

Music features of LA metal:

• high screaming vocals
• loud assertive drumming
• unison, anthem-like vocals in chorus

Question 6

Metal mega-stars and hair bands

Answer 6

Bon Jovi, first group to break through to mega-star status
Gun n’ roses (LA based)
-lyrics based on alcohol and drug use

By the end of the 1980s, costumes and stage makeup by certain metal bands promoted the designation of “hair bands” (teased hair)

Question 7

Ambiguous metal

Answer 7

Found in pop-oriented sector of heavy metal
More serious minded
Sped snd thrash metal
Ex. Motörhead

Question 8

Motörhead

Answer 8

Brought together guitar dominated sound of British blues rock, tempos of punk, and a love for biker culture
Popular in England

Question 9

Metallica

Answer 9

Began in LA

Influenced by black Sabbath

Question 10

Megadeath

Answer 10

Important thrash metal band
Combined metal styles
Experimented with mixing rap and metal

Question 11

Hip hop culture

Answer 11

Roots in black and Latino communities during late 1970s 
Components:
 Rap music
Graffiti
Break dancing 
Dress

Question 12

First early hip hop DJ

Answer 12

DJ Kool Herc

Grand Master Flash

Question 13

Flash and Herc take credit for technical innovations that would help to develop modern rap

Answer 13

Scratching
Breaks
Break spinning
Samples

Question 14

Who had the first hip hop single label to be released

Answer 14

Sugar hill gang was first record label
It was the most important rap label of the early 1980s
Grand master Flash also signed under sugar hill

Question 15

Def Jam Recordings in New York (Simmons and Rubin)

Answer 15

Released music in mid-late 1980s by the decades leading rappers
Popularized in the mainstream
Included LL Cool J and Run-DMC
Run-DMC was played on MTV

Question 16

Gangsta Rap

Answer 16

Addresses same themes of urban life addressed by black musicians in earlier decades
NWA (niggas with attitude) brought an angrier approach to rap
Often used samples based in harder forms of funk
Crossover appeal

Question 17

Controversy over rap

Answer 17

80s
Not being “music” because rappers didn’t use instruments or sing
Racial class tensions
Relationship between heavy metal and rap
Conflict between old and new styles

Question 18

Alternative rock

Answer 18

Roots in hard core and punk’s DIY model which made its move into mainstream 1990s (this embraced punks return to simplicity)
Indie-based community entered mainstream
Alternative rock should be viewed as marketing label rather than a distinct musical style

Question 19

Massachusetts indie

Answer 19

During 80s, many bands helped ease transition between attitudes with punk and the more approachable sounds of alternative
Ex. Dinosaur Jr., Pixies (landmark of indie scene)

Question 20

College rock

Answer 20

The return to simplicity was the principal behind it
Developed in US colleges
Small independent labels
Started in Georgia
Most successful independent rock in the mainstream was REM

Question 21

Seattle

Answer 21

Nirvana is from Seattle

Pearl a Jam

Question 22

California

Answer 22

Faith No More
Red Hot Chili Peppers
Stone Temple Pilots