Unit 1.2 Flashcards
What is the relative mass and charge if a proton?
Relative mass 1, charge +1
What is the relative mass and charge of a neutron?
Relative mass 1, charge 0
What is the relative mass and charge of an electron?
Relative mass 1/1840, charge -1
What is an ion?
A particle where the number of electrons are not equal to the number of protons
What is an alpha particle made up of?
It is a helium nucleus, made up of 2 protons and 2 neutrons
What is a beta particle?
It’s a high energy electron
What is gamma radiation?
A high energy wave of electro-magnetic radiation
Which is the most penetrating form or radiation?
Gamma radiation
What is the least penetrating form of radiation?
Alpha radiation
Which form of radiation is the most ionising?
Alpha radiation
Which form of radiation is the least ionising?
Gamma radiation
What is needed to stop alpha radiation?
A sheet of paper
What is needed to stop beta radiation?
Thin sheet of metal like aluminium
What is needed to stop gamma radiation?
At least 2cm of lead
How is alpha radiation affected by an electric field?
Attracted to the negative plate
How is beta radiation affected by an electric field?
Attracted to the positive plate
How is gamma radiation affected by an electric field?
It is unaffected
How is alpha and beta radiation affected by a magnetic field?
Deflected in opposite directions
How does gamma radiation affect mass or atomic number?
It does not
How does alpha particles affect mass and atomic number?
Decreases mass number by 4 and decreases atomic number by 2
How does beta radiation affect madd and atomic number?
Has no effect on mass number but increases atomic number by 1
What is radioactive decay?
Atoms breaking down by emitting radiation
What is Cobalt-60 used for?
Cancer treatment
What is Carbon-14 used for?
Radioactive dating of animal and plant remains
