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AP Human Geography > Unit 1.1 Introduction to Maps > Flashcards

Unit 1.1 Introduction to Maps Flashcards

1
Q

Remote Sensing

A

The process of capturing images of Earth’s surface from airborne platforms such as satellites or airplanes

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2
Q

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A

The system that accurately determines the precise position of something on Earth via satellites and recievers

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3
Q

Geographic Information System (GIS)

A

A computer system that captures, stores, analyzses and displays georgaphic data

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4
Q

Layers

A

Types of information (countries, bodies of water, names of places etc.) displayed in a map

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5
Q

Mashups

A

The practice of combining layers on a map

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6
Q

Qualitative Data

A

Data associated with a humanistic approach to geography

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7
Q

Quantitative Data

A

Data associated with mathematical models and statistical techniques

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8
Q

Latitude

A

The distance north or south of the equator

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9
Q

Equator

A

An imaginary line that circles the globe exactly halfway

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10
Q

Longitude

A

The distance east or west of the Prime Meridian

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11
Q

Prime Meridian

A

An imaginary line that runs from pole to pole through Greenwich, England

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12
Q

Map Key/Legend

A

An inset on a map that explains what the colors or symbols used means and what the scale of the maps is

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13
Q

Map Scale

A

The ratio between the size of things in the real world and the size of things on a map

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14
Q

Toponym

A

The name given to a place on Earth

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15
Q

Relative Location

A

The description of where something is in relation to other things

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16
Q

Absolute Location

A

The precise place where something is found

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17
Q

Relative Distance

A

The distance between two points, measured using metrics like time effort or cost

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18
Q

Absolute Distance

A

The distance between two points, communicated using precise quantative units of measurements

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19
Q

Relative Direction

A

The direction based on people’s surrounding and perception

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20
Q

Absolute Direction

A

Directions according to a compas (NSEW)

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21
Q

Density

A

How often or how much something occurs within a place

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22
Q

Distribution

A

Where something occurs within a place

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23
Q

Clustered

A

When there is a high level of density and a low level of distribution

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24
Q

Dispersed

A

When there is a low level of density due to a high level of distribution

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25
Q

Distance Decay

A

The theory that the interaction (flow of goods, people) between two places decreases as the distance between them increases

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26
Q

Time-Space Compression

A

The reducation in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as the result of improved communication and transportational technologies

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27
Q

Physical Geography

A

The study of the spatial characteristics of various elements of the physical environment (landforms, bodies of water, climate, ecosystems etc.)

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28
Q

Human Geography

A

The study of the spatial characteristics of humans and human activities (population, culture, politics, urban areas, economics etc.)

29
Q

Four-Level Analysis

A

A type of analysis consisting of 4 steps: comprehension, identification, explanation and prediction

30
Q

Analyze

A

To break down into parts and study each part carefully

31
Q

Theory

A

A system of ideas and concepts that attempt to explain and prove why or how interactions have occured in the part or will occur in the future

32
Q

Concepts

A

The key vocabulary, ideas and building blocks that geographers use to describe our world

33
Q

Processes

A

Involve a series of steps or actions that explain why or how geographic patterns occur

34
Q

Models

A

Representations of reality or theories about reality, to help geographers see general spatial patterns, focus on the influence of specific factors and understand variations from place to place.

35
Q

Spatial Models

A

Like stylized maps they illustrate theories about spatial distributions, developed for agricultural and urban land use, distributions of cities and store or factory location

36
Q

Nonspatial Models

A

Illustrates theories and concepts using words, graphs or tables and often depict changes over time rather than across space with more accurcy than spatial models

37
Q

Time-Distance Decay

A

The idea that the closer the places are connected to each others, the more relationships and connections they’ll have between each other

38
Q

Spatial Patterns

A

Refers to the general arrangement of things being studied, describing the spatial patterns, networks and relationships with precise language is critical to understanding critical relationships

39
Q

Networks

A

A set of interconnected entities, sometimes called nodes.

40
Q

Quantitative Sources

A

Not usually represented by numbers, this data is collected as interviews, photographs, remote satellite images, descriptions or cartoons

41
Q

Scales Of Analysis

A

Looking at topics at the local, regional, country, or global scale

42
Q

Reference Maps

A

They are designed for people to refer to for general information about places

43
Q

Political Maps

A

They show and label human-created boundaries and designations such as countries, states, cities and capitals

44
Q

Physical Maps

A

They show and label natural features, such as mountains, rivers, and deserts

45
Q

Road Maps

A

They show and label highways, streets and alleys

46
Q

Plat Maps

A

They show and label property lines and details of land ownership

47
Q

Thematic Maps

A

Show spatial aspects of information or of a phenomenon

48
Q

Choropleth Maps

A

Use colors, shades of one color, or patterns to show the location and distribustion of spatial data

49
Q

Dot Distribution Maps

A

Used to show the specific location and distribution of something across a map, each dot representing a specified quantity

50
Q

Graduated Symbol Maps

A

Use symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of something, larger sizes indicate more of something vice versa

51
Q

Isoline Maps

A

Also called isometric maps, use lines that connect points of equal value to depict variations in the data across space

52
Q

Topographic Maps

A

Popular among hikers, points of equal elevation are connected on these maps creating contours that depic serface features

53
Q

Cartogram

A

The size of countries (or areal units) are shown according to some specific statistic

54
Q

Cartographic Scale

A

Refers to the way the map communicates the ratio of its size to the size of what it represents

55
Q

Small-Scale Maps

A

Show a larger amount of area with less detail (small zoom)

56
Q

Large-Scale Maps

A

Show a smaller amount of area with more detail (large zoom)

57
Q

International Date Line

A

Opposite to the prime meridian is this line which roughly follows 180 degrees longitude

58
Q

Connectivity

A

Is how well two locations are tied together by roads or other links

59
Q

Accessibility

A

How quickly and easily people in one location can interact with people in another location

60
Q

Direction

A

Used in order to describe where things are in relation to each other

61
Q

Elevation

A

Is the distance of features above sea level, usually meaused in feet or meters

62
Q

Distribution

A

The way a phenomenon is spread out over an area

63
Q

Clustered Or Agglomerated

A

Phenomena are arranged in a group or concentrated area

64
Q

Linear

A

Phenomena are arrnaged in a straight line

65
Q

Dispersed

A

Phenomena are spread out over a large area

66
Q

Circular

A

Phenomena are equally spaced from a central point

67
Q

Geometric

A

Phenomena are in a regular arrnagement

68
Q

Random

A

Phenomena apear to have no order to their position

AP Human Geography (1 decks)

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