Unit. 11: basic inheritance

Question 1

trait

Answer 1

a physical part of your body

Question 2

gene

Answer 2

a region of DNA which codes for a protein

Question 3

allele

Answer 3

one version of a gene

Question 4

lower case

Answer 4

signifies a recessive allele

Question 5

upper case

Answer 5

signifies a dominant allele

Question 6

Aa

Answer 6

heterozygous

a carrier of the recessive trait

Question 7

AA

Answer 7

homozygous dominant

Question 8

aa

Answer 8

homozygous recessive

Question 9

genotype

Answer 9

a list of your genes (example: Aa)

Question 10

phenotype

Answer 10

the trait you have

Question 11

pedigree

Answer 11

a family tree

Question 12

dominant

Answer 12

an allele which appears in every generation; just one of these alleles is enough to give you the trait

Question 13

recessive

Answer 13

an allele which skips generations; you’d need two of these alleles to have the trait.

Question 14

P generation

Answer 14

the parents

Question 15

F1 generation

Answer 15

the children

Question 16

F2 generation

Answer 16

the grandchildren

Question 17

X dominant inheritance

Answer 17

women affected more than men.

Fathers pass it to daughters, not sons.

Question 18

X recessive inheritance

Answer 18

Usually only boys affected. Mothers are carriers.

Question 19

Y linked

Answer 19

Only males affected.

Question 20

Early onset

Answer 20

the disease or the trait shows up early in life, before the person reproduces.
Example: color blindness

Question 21

Late onset

Answer 21

the disease or trait shows up late in life, after the person reproduces.
Example: baldness

Question 22

symbol on a pedigree: square

Answer 22

male

Question 23

symbol on a pedigree: circle

Answer 23

female