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Geography Final Exam > Unit 10 > Flashcards

Unit 10 Flashcards

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0
Q

Does Australia export commodity? Give examples.

A

Yes. E.g. Lamb to Saudi Arabia, rice to Japan, beef to USA and wheat to China, Iraq and Vietnam.

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1
Q

What is a commodity?

A

Food that is bought and sold on the global market.

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2
Q

Who controls most of the world food production?

A

TNCs control most of the world’s food production.

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3
Q

Who is the world’s largest food manufacturer?

A

The world’s largest food manufacturer is Nestlé.

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4
Q

How many countries is Nestlé located in?

A

Nestlé is located in over 80 countries.

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5
Q

What is Nestlé’s annual revenue?

A

Nestlé’s annual revenue is A$97 billion

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6
Q

What do TNCs decide?

A

TNCs decide:

  • how much food is produced
  • what is grown
  • where food is produced
  • where food is sold
  • how much farmers are paid.
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7
Q

Who do TNCs put pressure on and why?

A

TNCs put pressure on food producers and on governments to ensure each country only grows crops TNCs need.

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8
Q

What kind of crops are farmers forced to grow? Why is this a problem?

A

Famers grow crops like coffee, tea and wine. This is a problem because they can’t feed their hungry families.

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9
Q

Do developing countries have much safe water?

A

No. Developing countries have little safe water.

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10
Q

What does having little fresh water lead to?

A

Having little fresh water leads to huge disease problems

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11
Q

How much of the diseases in developing countries are caused by unsafe water?

A

80% of diseases in developing countries come from unsafe drinking water.

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12
Q

How many people in the developing countries have no access to basic sanitation?

A

1/3 of people in developing countries have no access to basic sanitation

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13
Q

What lives in polluted water?

A

Life threatening disease parasites live in polluted water.

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14
Q

What mosquito is malaria caused from?

A

The female Anopheles mosquito causes malaria.

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15
Q

What is malaria?

A

Malaria is a disease caused by the female Anopheles mosquito. If untreated it leads to kidney failure, brain seizures, coma and death.

16
Q

How is schistosomiasis spread in the body?

A

Flukes live in fresh water and pass into the bloodstream via skin pores. If untreated it can lead to liver failure, bladder cancer and death.

17
Q

How do hookworms spread inside the body?

A

Hookworms attach to people’s skin and get into the bloodstream via pores. It travels to the lungs to the windpipe to the throat and then to the intestine. They settle and lead to severe anemia. If untreated it can lead to intellectual, cognitive or growth retardation in children.

18
Q

How many people live in the developing world?

A

4.4 billion people live in the developing world.

19
Q

How many people who live in the developing world live in substandard housing?

A

1 billion people live in substandard housing in the developing world.

20
Q

How many people who live in the developing world have no homes?

A

1 1/4 billion people who live in the developing world have no homes.

21
Q

What is Mathari Valley?

A

Mathari Valley is the oldest, largest shantytown in Nairobi. It is built in a rock quarry.

22
Q

How many residents has Mathari Valley got?

A

Mathari Valley has half a million residents.

23
Q

Describe the living conditions in Mathari Valley.

A
  • Tin roofed shanties
  • yellow pollution haze 24/7
  • open sewers
  • many bars and brothels
  • highest suicide, IMR, number of murders, disease rate and unemployment rate.
24
Q

What happens near Mathari Valley?

A

Nearby, rich enjoy a luxurious lifestyle.

25
Q

What is HIV?

A

HIV is human immunodeficiency virus.

26
Q

What are the four main ways HIV is spread?

A

HIV is spread in the flowing ways:

  • contaminated needles
  • breast milk
  • unprotected sexual intercourse
  • transmission from infected mum to baby at birth.
27
Q

Where is HIV a pandemic in humans?

A

HIV is pandemic in humans on the African continent.

28
Q

How much of the world population is infected with HIV/AIDS?

A

6% of the world population is infected (aprox. 410 million people)

29
Q

Without treatment, how long does it take for HIV to cause AIDS?

A

It takes approximately 10 years for HIV to cause AIDS.

30
Q

Is HIV itself usually fatal?

A

HIV itself is not usually fateful.

31
Q

What is AIDS?

A

AIDS is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. It is a serious condition which breaks down the body’s defences against illness.

32
Q

What causes AIDS?

A

HIV causes AIDS.

33
Q

How do AIDS sufferers react to simple diseases?

A

AIDS sufferers easily get sick and often die from simple diseases.

Geography Final Exam (6 decks)

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