unit 1: what were churchill's view of india?

Question 1

why did he feel a personal connection to india?

Answer 1

he served there as a young officer

Question 2

what he believe india was?

Answer 2

‘the jewel of the crown’ and it had to be protected in order to maintain the empire & also believed that the british rule alone prevented the domination of hindu elites over the large muslim indian population.

Question 3

how did churchill view the indians?

Answer 3

had a strong belief in the racial superiority of ango-saxons and in their destiny to rule over and develop ‘lesser’ people

Question 4

what was the rowlatt act 1919?

Answer 4

increased police powers by allowing imprisonment without trial.

Question 5

what did gandhi do in april 1919?

Answer 5

led a mass campaign against the rowlatt act and troops fired on a protesting crowd amritsar, killing 400 and wounding 1200

Question 6

when did britain get calls for independence?

Answer 6

late 2920s

Question 7

what did gandhi do in 1930?

Answer 7

led a mass march to the sea to protest about the salt tax by gathering natural sea salt

Question 8

why was gandhi released from jail?

Answer 8

to attend conferences in london in 1930 and 1931 to get agreement on ending the conflict - limited success and arrested on return

Question 9

what was india’s self- governement act?

Answer 9

government of india act 1935, took effect in 1937

Question 10

what was churchill’s reaction to the independence movement?

Answer 10

bitterly opposed to the movement

Question 11

why did he think british rule over india was a good thing?

Answer 11

british rule ensured the end of ‘barbaric practices’ and meant economic and social progress. he thought that it ensured good government, prevented endemic corruption and protected the weak.

Question 12

british rule in india:

Question 13

what did india want?

Answer 13

india wanted self governance and representation - pressure from the educated elite and the mass populace led by gandhi.

Question 14

gandhi

Answer 14

he dressed like a poor farmer & developed ‘satyagraha’ which means ‘holding onto truth.’ this led him to pursue freedom with non-violent protests. britain responded to the unrest by using repression and reform.

Question 15

what was the montagu-chelmsford measures 1919?

Answer 15

montagu-chelmsford measures 1919 - gave locally elected councils a measure of control over some internal matters.

Question 16

why did churchill oppose the independence movement?