Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK 2 > Unit 1 Week 3 TMJ > Flashcards

Unit 1 Week 3 TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

what is orofacial pain?

A

pain in the face and jaw/mouth region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the 4 proposed classifications of patients with orofacial pain?

A
  1. primary headache/non-cervicogenic headache
  2. TMJ dysfunction
  3. masticatory muscle disorder
  4. cervicogenic headache
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the 6 contributing factors of TMD?

A
  1. microtrauma
  2. malocclusion (misalignment of dentition)
  3. cervical spine (regional interdependence)
  4. hypermobility
  5. bad habits (bruxism (grinding teeth), mouth breathing, nail biting)
  6. psychosocial factors (stress, anxiety, anger, depression)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the arthrokinematics of the TMJ?

A

inferior - rotation
superior - translation
during opening of the mouth the first 11mm comes from the inferior joint. translation does the rest.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the physiological motions of the TMJ?

A

opening - rotation + translation
protraction - translation
lateral deviation - translation (R) + spin (L)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the 6 classifications of TMJ dysfunctions?

A
  1. arthralgia (TMJ pain)
  2. disc derangement with reduction (DDWR)
  3. disc derangement without reduction (DDWOR)
  4. capsular adhesions (single joint)
  5. osteoarthritis
  6. hypermobility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is typically seen with disc dislocation with reduction?

A

deviation with opening
opening click + closing click (reciprocal click)
ROM grossly WNL
history of hypermobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the typical progression of the disc when dislocating with reduction?

A
  1. resting in dislocation
  2. disc reduced during opening (click)
  3. stays in correct position during opening
  4. at some point before maximal closing the disk slips anteriorly (click)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is typically seen with disc dislocation without reduction?

A

deflected mandible with opening
no click, possible crepitus
hypomobile stage
25-35mm opening
decreased laterotrusion
history of clicking (no longer there)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the typical progression of the disc when dislocating without reduction?

A

throughout the cycle of opening and closing the disk remains anteriorly dislocated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is typically seen with TMJ hypermobility/subluxation?

A

loud clunking, popping
“out of place feeling”
excessive motion of lateral pole (palpable)
unilateral deviation to the contralateral side
opening greater than 50mm
open locking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is typically seen with TMJ inflammatory conditions?

A

capsulitis, retrodiscitis, arthritis
periarticular pain without referral
TMJ loading (+) - retrusive overpressure, contralateral pain with force biting
mandibular mobility normal to slightly limited
no deflection or deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is typically seen with TMJ myofascial disorders?

A

masticatory musculature (and cervical)
trigger points
(+) ipsilateral forced biting test
deviations in mandibular movements
mild limitation of joint mobility
no clicking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what two main questions should be added to a TMJ evaluation?

A
  1. have you had pain or stiffness in the face, jaw, temple, in front of the ear, or in the ear in the past month?
  2. have you ever had your jaw catch or lock so that it would not open/close all the way?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what should you be listening for during a psychological screen?

A

reports of: stress overload, malaise, anxiety, sleep disturbance, changes in eating patterns, weight changes, fatigue, and other signs of depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what 2 screening questions should be included in a psychological screen?

A

over the past two weeks, how often have you been bothered by:
1. feeling down, depressed, or hopeless?
2. little interest or pleasure in doing things?
scale - 0 not at all, 1 several days, 2 more than half the days, 3 nearly every day

17
Q

what posture is typically seen with patient with TMD?

A

forward head posture
tight suboccipital muscles rotate cranium posteriorly, mandibular mechanics are affected, lengthened masseter and temporalis

18
Q

what should you be looking at when assessing facial symmetry and vertical dimension?

A

corner eye-corner mouth
corner mouth-center chin
alignment of center points
clenching teeth
mouth breathing

19
Q

what is the difference between overbite and overjet?

A

overbite: how far (in the frontal plane) the top teeth are over the bottom
overjet: when top teeth are further anterior than bottom (in sagittal plane)

20
Q

what could clicking or popping of the jaw be caused by?

A

anterior displaced disk, condyle hitting eminence
hypermobility
muscle incoordination

21
Q

what could crepitus and crackling of the jaw be caused by?

A

arthritis

22
Q

what muscles should be palpated during a TMJ evaluation?

A

masseter, temporalis, lateral pterygoid, trapezius, SCM

23
Q

what test looks at functional opening of the TMJ?

A

3-knuckles test (3-fingers)

24
Q

what should be the ratio of opening to lateral excursion?

A

4:1

25
Q

what is TMJ “rhythm”?

A

first 11mm condylar rotation then translation takes over

26
Q

what are the types of TMJ aberrant movements?

A

deviations: C-curve and S-curve
deflection

27
Q

what are the normal end feels of the TMJ?

A

closing - hard
opening - springy

28
Q

what joint glides are there for the TMJ?

A

distraction, compression, anterior, posterior, lateral, medial

29
Q

what is a position forced biting provocation test?

A

bite down on cotton roll
increases or reproduces symptoms
-ipsilateral: muscle/tendon irritation
-contralateral: joint

30
Q

what is included in a TMJ systems review?

A

cervical disorders
dental/oral conditions
polyarthritis (RA, JRA, lupus)
neoplasm
MI
cranial nerve screen

31
Q

what has been should to be most effective when treating TMJ?

A

therapeutic exercise and manual therapy

32
Q

what interventions should be done to improve upper quarter posture?

A

activate/strengthen: DCF, cervical extensors, scapular retractors
lengthen/flexibility: suboccipitals, scalenes, SCM, pectorals

33
Q

what interventions are recommended for TMJ inflammation?

A

joint protection: parafunctions, chewing and ROM
ice
ionto/phonophoresis

34
Q

what interventions are recommended for TMJ joint mobility?

A

joint mobilization
PROM/AROM with caution

35
Q

what interventions are recommended for TMJ disc or articular dysfunction?

A

address impairments of joint pain and reduced ROM
conservative therapy will not alter disc displacement or degeneration significantly
DDWOR - educate patient about remodeling phase, noise and motion should normalize over time

36
Q

what interventions are recommended for masticatory muscle dysfunction?

A

muscle pain and guarding: modalities, manual therapy (dry needling), stretching
muscular imbalance/motor control: stabilization exercises, proprioception

37
Q

what interventions are recommended for psychological/behavior?

A

education about parafunctions, pain sensitization, joint protection
pain - modulating strategies - exercise, diaphragmatic breathing, stress reduction techniques, and relaxation of mandibular mm

38
Q

what is included in the Rocabado 6x6 exercises?

A
  1. Nasal Breathing – tongue to roof of mouth take 6 deep breaths
  2. Controlled TMJ rotation on opening-Opening with tongue on hard palate, this limits protrusion
  3. Mandibular Rhythmic Stabilization
  4. Upper Cervical Distraction: OA nodding
  5. Axial Extension of Cervical Spine (chin tuck)
  6. Shoulder Girdle Retraction (w/ thor ext)
39
Q

what is the theory of condylar “remodeling”?

A

to normalize forces between disc and musculature
co-contraction enhances stabilization
contralateral lateral deviation will gap and glide the condyle anteriorly on the eminence while the disc remains positioned correctly

MSK 2 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions