Unit 1 - VSEPR, Periodic Table Trends, Etc

Question 0

Ionization energy from right to left and top to bottom

Answer 0

Right to left- decrease

Top to bottom- decrease

Question 1

Atomic radius from left to right and bottom to top.

Answer 1

Left to right - decrease

Bottom to top - decrease

Question 2

Electronegativity from left to right and bottom to top.

Answer 2

Left to right- increase

Bottom to top- increase

Question 3

VSEPR: Bonds and lone pairs

Linear, bent, tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, trigonal planar

Answer 3

Linear: 2,0
Bent: 2,1 
Tetrahedral: 4,0
Trigonal pyramidal: 3,1
Trigonal planar: 3,0

Question 4

VSEPR Bond Angles

Answer 4

Linear: 180
Bent: 104.5
Tetrahedral: 109.5
Trigonal pyramidal: 107
Trigonal planar: 120

Question 5

Law of definite proportions

Answer 5

The element in a reaction are always present in the same proportion by mass.

Question 6

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 6

Mass is not created or destroyed. The total mass stays the same. Reactants simply rearrange to form products.

Question 7

Law of multiple proportions

Answer 7

Elements in different ratios combine to form different compounds.

Question 8

What is a pure substance, element, compound?

Answer 8

No impurities, composed of identical atoms, 2 or more elements combined.

Question 9

What is a mixture?

Answer 9

A combination of 2 or more pure substances, can only be chemically separated, compressed over time

Question 10

Homogenous and heterogeneous solutions?

Answer 10

Homo- one phase constant throughout

Hetero- 2 or more phases

Question 11

What is a solution, colloid, suspension?

Answer 11

Solution- smallest particles, no Tyndall effect
Colloid- smaller particles, do not settle, Tyndall effect
Suspension- largest particles, can be seen with the naked eye, settle, Tyndall effect

Question 12

What is the kinetic molecular theory?

Answer 12

Particles are always in constant motion, and it increases with temperature.

Question 13

Who is Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford?

Answer 13

Dalton- Atomic theory: all matter is made up of particles, atoms of the same element are identical, atoms of different elements are different, atoms are never created or destroyed (rearranged).
Thomson- discovered the electron; used a cathode ray tube; plum pudding model
Rutherford: discovered nucleus; aimed alpha particles at thin sheet of foil

Question 14

Who was Chadwick, Bohr, Democritus, Schrodinger?

Answer 14

Chadwick- discovered neutron
Bohr- proposed that electrons surround the nucleus in different energy levels by shining light through prism that made different colours
Democritus- said that there are an infinite # of atoms, everything id made up of atoms, indivisible, always in motion

Question 15

How does an element emit light?

Answer 15

When it gets excited, it moves from the ground state to a higher state. But as it moves back down to the ground state, to be stable, it emits photons of light that corresponds to a certain wavelength that produces a specific colour.

Question 16

Binary acids, oxyacids, hydrates, and acid salt components?

Answer 16

Binary acid - H + element
Oxyacid - H + polyatomic
Hydrate - Compound + hydrate (water)
Acid salt- Metal + H + polyatomic