Unit 1 Vocabulary, some of 2 and 3 Flashcards
Hardware
The collection of physical parts of a computer system
Computer
A machine that is programmable
Memory
Physical device storing digital information
Storage
Computer components that retain digital data
Peripheral Device
An external auxiliary device
Input Device
A piece of hardware equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system
Output Device
A device used to send data from a computer to another device or user
Processing Device
A device in a computer that handles processing of input
Storage Device
A device that retains digital data
CPU
The computer’s main processing device
Core
A unit that receives instructions and performs calculations
Types of CPUs
Celeron Core, i3Core, i5Core, i7Core
Optical Drive
A drive that reads and writes optical discs
Router
Device that connects one network with another
Server
A computer that manages access to a centralized resource or service in a network
Modem
Device that convert analog signals to digital signals and digital signals to analog signals
Operating System
Software that supports a computer’s basic functions
Application Software
A computer program that performs a coordinated group of functions
Internet
The world’s largest WAN network
World Wide Web
A collection of documents linked together
Web 2.0
The second stage of development of the World Wide Web, characterized by the change from static web pages to dynamic or user-generated content
Network
Two or more computers connected for sharing information
HTTP
(HyperText Transfer Protocol)
The underlying protocol used by the World Wide Web defining how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what actions web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands
HTML
A standardized system for tagging text files to achieve font, color, graphic, and hyperlink effects on World Wide Web pages
Active X
A software framework created by Microsoft that adapts its earlier Component Object Model and Object Linking and Embedding technologies for content downloaded from a network
Cookie
A small piece of data sent from a website and stored on the user’s web browser while the user is still browsing
Home Page
The introductory page of a web page or the default start-up page pf a web browser
Pop-up Ads
New web browser windows for displaying advertisements
Collaborative Sites
Service that allows your center to share web pages with customers while offering voice and text chat assistance or to conduct single or multi-user conferences and seminars
Digital Literacy
The ability to find, evaluate, utilize, share, and create content using information technologies and the Internet
Search Engine
A program that searches for and identifies items in a database that corresponds to keywords or characters specified by the user
Web Browser
A software application for retrieving, presenting, and transferring information resources on the World Wide Web
Boolean Operators
Words used as conjunctions to combine or exclude keywords in a search
Ranking-Based Search Engine
A search engine that uses search engine ranking, which refers to the. position at which a particular site appears in the results of the query
Links List Website
Web directory with an organized listing of web sites
Keywords
Words and phrases that searchers enter into search engines
E-Communication
Transfer of signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, data, or intelligence of any nature transmitted by a wire, radio, electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photooptical system.
Real Time Communication
The actual time during which a process takes place or an event occurs
VOIP
(Voice Over Internet Protocol)
Telephonic communication via the internet
SMS
(Short Message Service)
Text messaging and service component of most telephone, World Wide Web, and mobile telephony systems
IMS
(Instant Message Service)
Service for sending messages via the Internet in real time
MMS
(Multimedia Messaging Service)
Standard way to send messages that include multimedia content from a mobile phone over a cellular network
Messages distributed by electronic means from one computer user to one or more recipients via a network
Username
An identification used by a person with access to a computer, network, or online service
ISP
A company that is able to provide you with access to the Internet
Domain
A group of computers and devices on a network that are administered as a unit with common rules and procedures defined by the IP address
CC
Used to share copies of e-mail with others but is not directed to the individuals
BCC
A CC in which recipient and people who have a CC do not see they have a copy
Attachment
A picture, document, movie, sound file, or other file that is attached to a message
Spamming
Sending the same message indiscriminately to recipients on the Internet
Trolling
Making a deliberately offensive or provocative online post with the aim of upsetting someone or eliciting an angry response form them
Social Engineering
The use of deception to manipulate individuals into divulging confidential or personal information that may be used for fraudulent purposes
Netiquette
The correct or acceptable way of communicating on the Internet
URL
(Uniform Resource Locator)
The address of a World Wide Web page
Data
Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis
Aggregate
Collect related items so as to display or link them
Aggregate Data
Data combined from several measurements
Discovery Data
The process of extracting actionable patterns from data
Inference
A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning
Conclusion
A judgment or decision reached by reasoning
Four-Fold Symmetry
A figure has two lines of symmetry perpendicular to each other
Translation
Moving a shape to a different place
Iteration
The repetition of a process
Dilation
Making a figure grow larger
Rotation
A plane figure turns around a fixed center point
Symmetry
The quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other around an axis
Vector
A quantity having a direction as well as magnitude, especially as determining the position of one point in space in relation to another
Reflection Symmetry
One half of a figure is the reflection of the other half
Cartesian Graph
Graph using the cartesian coordinate system (each point is represented by a pair of coordinates).
Intelligence
The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills
Context Dependent
The improved recall of specific episodes of information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are the same
Processor
A machine that processes something
Hard Drive
A high capacity self contained storage device containing a read-write mechanism plus one or more hard discs, inside a sealed unit
Word Processing Software
A computer program that provides special capabilities beyond that of a text editor
Presentation Software
Software used to create a sequence of text and graphics, and often audio and video, to accompany a speech or public presentation
Spreadsheet Software
An interactive computer application for organization, analysis and storage of data in tabular form
Browser
A program with a graphical user interface for displaying HTML files, used to navigate the World Wide Web
Authority
Official permission; sanction
Purpose
The reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists
Coverage
The area reached by a particular broadcasting station
Accuracy
How correct an answer is
Objectivity
The quality of being not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts
Currency
The fact or quality of being generally accepted or in use
Accessibility
The quality of being able to be reached or entered
What are the functions of a computer?
To receive input, process information, store information, and produce output
RAM
A volatile memory device
ROM
A non-volatile memory device.
Hertz
The number of cycles per second
Gigahertz
The amount of billions of cycles per second
Tasks that cannot be accomplished by a computer
Empathy, collaborating, storytelling, creatively solve problems together
Social media
Websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or to participate in social networking
Permeance of online data
Nothing you do online is private and anything you put on social media could still exists forever and can never be completely erased
Online safety
Exercising caution and consciousness of personal data that is shared online
Troubeshooting
Trace and correct errors in a software program
Minimal spanning tree
The shortest path between all the locations in a network
Real-World applications for minimal spanning trees
Package delivery routes, computer networks, computer chip circuitry, airlines, pipes, and electrical grids
Binary system
Base 2 counting system
Storyboard
Make a plan that identifies program components and design elements
Sprite
An object in a Scratch program that is manipulated by blocks
Loops
Repeating a task a certain amount of times
Broadcast
Sends a message to all the scripts
Events
Something that has to happen, such as the green flag being clicked, to start a strand of code
Motion blocks
Tells the sprite to move a certain way
Looks
A category of blocks in Scratch that change the look of a sprite
Conditionals
If condition is true, run the blocks inside
Wait
Tells the sprite to wait the parameter’s amount of seconds before doing the next block of code
Variable
A named storage location in the computer’s memory
Randomness
Picks a random integer within the specified range
Ethical responsibility
A person’s duty to act in a legal manner
Software testing
A process or executing a program or application with the intent of debugging
