Unit 1 Vocabulary

Question 1

What is Climate?

Answer 1

The average weather conditions for a region over an extended period of time.

Question 2

What is Weather

Answer 2

The conditions in the atmosphere at a particular time in a particular place.

Question 3

What is Geography?

Answer 3

The study of the environment and how it affects humans

Question 4

What is the Environment?

Answer 4

The Earth’s climate, topography(shape of the land), and natural resources.

Question 5

What is the Ice Age?

Answer 5

A geological period of long, continuous cold temperatures causing glaciers to form and the polar ice caps to grow towards the equator.

Question 6

What is a Glacier?

Answer 6

a large sheet of moving ice

Question 7

What is Beringia?

Answer 7

The land bridge connecting the North East tip of Asia(Siberia) with the North West tip of Alaska named after the Bering Strait, wich became dry land.

Question 8

What is Archaeology?

Answer 8

the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains.

Question 9

What are Hunter-gatherers?

Answer 9

people who live by hunting animals and gathering food

Question 10

What are Paleo-Indians?

Answer 10

the first Americans, who crossed over the land bridge between 38,000 and 10,000 BC during the last Ice Age.

Question 11

What is Migration?

Answer 11

the movement of people or animals from one region to another

Question 12

What is Society?

Answer 12

a group of people who share the same culture

Question 13

What is Civilization?

Answer 13

a complex society, one with job specialization as well as a high level of culture

Question 14

What is Culture?

Answer 14

a peoples way of life; language, customs + traditions, economy and jobs, government + laws, beliefs + values,
religion, education, the arts, architecture, recreation (e.g sports)

Question 15

What does Adapt/Adaptation mean?

Answer 15

to change/modify behavior in order to fit in with your environment

Question 16

What is Domestication?

Answer 16

the process of breeding plants and animals to meet human needs- the opposite of domestic is wild-

Question 17

When do researchers believe that the people in Mexico first domesticated the maize(corn)?

Answer 17

approx. 10,000 years ago

Question 18

What is Revolution?

Answer 18

a revolution is a massive, dramatic change in peoples lives

Question 19

What is Evolution?

Answer 19

slow, gradual change

Question 20

What is the Neolithic Revolution?

Answer 20

the Neolithic Revolution was when people discovered how to domesticate plants and animals

Question 21

What is Diversity?

Answer 21

difference or variety

Question 22

What does Surplus mean?

Answer 22

more than what is needed

Question 23

What are some examples of Language?

Answer 23

writing, talking, signing, communication

Question 24

What are some examples of Customs and Traditions?

Answer 24

holidays, putting your clock ahead on spring ahead, giving gifts, eating special foods

Question 25

What are some examples of Economy?

Answer 25

taxes, social class, Job Specialization, Trading

Question 26

What are some examples of Government and Political System?

Answer 26

dictatorship, presidents/rulers, taxes, democracy, laws, military, police

Question 27

What are some examples of Beliefs and Values?

Answer 27

golden rule, religions:jewish, christian, catholic, buddhist, family values-what does your family believe?-, friends and family, rules

Question 28

What are some examples of Arts and Recreation?

Answer 28

sports, extra curricular activities like clubs or groups, singing, dance, acting, painting, electronic games or amusements

Question 29

What are the two types of Arts?

Answer 29

performing arts and fine arts

Question 30

What is the difference between Climate and Weather?

Answer 30

time; the difference between climate and weather is a measure of time. Weather is what conditions of the atmosphere are over a short period of time, climate is how the atmosphere “behaves” over relatively long periods of time.

Question 31

What are five types of weather?

Answer 31

precipitation, temperature, visibility, humidity, wind speed + direction

Question 32

Imagine there is a group of people living in the same environment:
How could they work together to make life easier?

Answer 32

split into different groups to do different jobs
elect leaders; make laws
jobs that benefit the group
work as a team
trade

Question 33

What conflicts might occur from having many people in the same area?

Answer 33

religious/beliefs/values conflict if living together
conflict over how to use the land, property, resources
class differences
economic and ability differences, job conflict
not being able to understand each other [language]
unjust laws and unjust leadership
disobeying the law

Question 34

What are some advantages of Domestication over Hunter-Gatherer societies?

Answer 34

With farming as a source of food, people could settle in one place & have a more reliable food supply
Now, societies had more time for activities other than food gathering

Question 35

What are some Advantages/Positive Influences of the Neolithic Revolution?

Answer 35

Permanent settlements/safer shelter
Food surpluses
Population growth
More free time to experiment, invent (e.g., medical advances)
Job specialization
Develop trade; more complex economy
Can create laws, rules to make life safer and more secure
Social classes develop
Promotes civilization

Question 36

What are some disadvantages/negative influences of the Neolithic Revolution?

Answer 36

1. crops could die if there are bad growing conditions(e.g drought)
2. Animals in captivity can get disease
3. Vulnerable to attack if in just one place
4. Don’t know how to defend themselves because they don’t have hunting/weapon skill so more likely of war
5. People need to change/ adapt/learn new things
6. Permanent houses are harder to replace if destroyed
7. Higher population means more lives to feed
8. Conflict due to slavery, class differences, etc.
9. Group is less connected to one another