Unit 1 Vocabulary Flashcards
the place or object energy comes from
source
the ability to make things happen, to do work
energy
stored energy that an object has due to its change in position or shape
potential energy
energy in motion
kinetic energy
stored energy that is due to its position above the earth. It depends on height and weight
gravitational energy
the ability for doing work based on the object’s electric charge, it is the stored energy in the electric circuits.
electrical potential
the energy stored due to an object being stretched or compressed
elastic potentialen
energy that is stored in the chemical bonds of matter.
chemical potential
the energy changes as its atoms rearrange to form new matter
chemical potential
the variable that is deliberately changed in a give situation. It is graphed on the x-axis
independent variable
the variable that my change as a result of manipulation, it is observed and measured. It is graphed on the y-axis
dependent variable
a condition or factor that does not change in an experiement
constant
all of the kinetic energy from the movement of particles in an object
thermal energy
a physical system that does not allow transfers in or out of the system
closed system
energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred from one type to another
law of conservation of energy
the movement of energy from one location to another
energy transfer
energy changing from one type to another
energy transformation
the rate at which someone or something is able to move or operate
speed
the amount of matter an object has in it
mass
the quantitative relationship between two amounts
ratio
the sum of potential energy and kinetic energy. ME = KE + PE
mechanical potential energy
what is the equation for mechanical potential energy
KE + PE = ME
KE (kenetic energy) + PE (potential energy) = ME (mechanical potential energy)
strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement
force
a series of steps that engineers follow to find a solution to a problem
engineering design process
a limitation or restriction
constraints
any or all of several kinds of phenomena that convey energy and entropy from one location to another
heat transfer
the process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance without movement of the material
conduction
the movement within a fluid caused by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity which results in a transfer of heat
convection
energy that comes from a source and travels through space at the speed of light
radiation
a substance or material that allows electricity to flow through it
conductor
a material or device which restricts the flow of an electrical current
insulator
the degree or intensity or heat present in a substance or object
termperature
an instrument for measuring and indicating temperature
thermometer
the condition under which two substance in a physical contact with each other exchange no heat energy
thermal equilibrium
the tendency of matter to change its shape, area, volume and density in response to a change in temperature
termal expansion
a system of measuring temperature that defines freezing point of water as 32 degrees and the boiling point of water at 212 degrees
fahrenheit
a system of measuring temperature that defines the freezing point of water as 0 degrees and boiling point of water at 212 degrees
celsius
the SI base unity of thermodynamic temperature
Kelvin
the quality of being hot
heat
