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ECS > Unit 1 Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 1 Vocab Flashcards

(93 cards)

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1
Q

Hardware

A

The collection of physical parts of a computer system

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2
Q

Computer

A

An electronic device to storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instruction given to it in a variable program.

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3
Q

Memory

A

Any physical device capable of storing information temporarily or permanently.

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4
Q

Storage

A

A technology consisting of computer components and recording media used to retain digital data

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5
Q

Peripheral device

A

Any device such as a computer mouse or keyboard that connects to and works with the computer in some way

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6
Q

Input device

A

Used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system

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7
Q

Output device

A

Any device used to send data from a computer to another device or user

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8
Q

Processing device

A

Any device in a computer that handles this intermediate stage

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9
Q

Storage device

A

Any computing hardware that is used for storing, porting and extracting data files and objects

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10
Q

CPU

A

Abbreviation for central processing unit

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11
Q

Core

A

The processing unit which receives instructions and performs calculations, or actions, based on those instructions

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12
Q

Celeron core

A

The low end member of the microprocessor s

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13
Q

i3 core

A

A family of duo core CPUs from Intel

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14
Q

i5 core

A

A family of duo and quad core

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15
Q

i7 core

A

Name Intel uses for the computer processor it makes

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16
Q

Optical drive

A

Type of computer disk drive that reads and writes data from optical disks through laser beaming technology

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17
Q

Router

A

A networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks

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18
Q

Server

A

A software program, or the computer on which that program runs, that provides a specific kind of service to client software running on the same computer or other computers on a network

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19
Q

Modem

A

A device or program that enables a computer to transmit data over

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20
Q

Operating system

A

System software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs

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21
Q

Application software

A

Can be divided into two general classes: system software and applications software

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22
Q

Internet

A

A massive network of networks

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23
Q

World Wide Web

A

A network of online content that is formatted in HTML and accessed via HTTP

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24
Q

Web 2.0

A

Second stage of development of the World Wide Map

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25
Network
A set of computers connected together for the purpose of sharing resources
26
HTTP
HyperText Transfer Protocol
27
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language
28
Active X
A software framework created by Microsoft that adapts its earlier Component Object Model (COM) and Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) technologies for content downloaded from a network, particularly from the World Wide Web
29
Cookie
A small text file (up to 4KB) created by a website that is stored in the user's computer either temporarily for that session only or permanently on the hard disk
30
Home page
A document that serves as a starting point on a Web site
31
Pop up ads
Ads that show up in front of the main window
32
Collaborative sites
Web collaboration techniques include phone/text chat and remote multiuser conferences/seminars via intranet or phone systems
33
Digital literacy
The ability to use digital technology, communication tools or networks to locate, evaluate, use and create information
34
Search engine
computer software used to search data (such as text or a database) for specified information
35
Web browser
software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web
36
Boolean operator
There are five Boolean operators that can be used to manipulate TRUE/FALSE values
37
Ranking based search engine
Search engine ranking refers to the position at which a particular site appears in the results of a search engine query
38
Links list website
an icon, graphic, or text in a document that links to another file or object
39
Keyword
A word used in a text search
40
E communication
electronic communication
41
Real time communication
a term used to refer to any live telecommunications that occur without transmission delays
42
VOIP
Voice over Internet Protocol
43
SMS
Shot message service
44
IMS
Instant message service
45
MMS
Multimedia message service
46
Email
messages distributed by electronic means from one computer user to one or more recipients via a network
47
Username
an identification used by a person with access to a computer, network, or online service
48
ISP
International service provider
49
Domain
A group of computers and devices on a network that are administered as a unit with common rules and procedures
50
CC
a copy of a note sent to an addressee other than the main addressee
51
BCC
blind carbon copy
52
Attachment
a file sent with an e-mail message
53
Spam
unsolicited junk email sent indiscriminately in bulk
54
Troll
a person who sows discord on the Internet by starting quarrels or upsetting people, by posting inflammatory, extraneous, or off-topic messages in an online community
55
Social engineering
an attack vector that relies heavily on human interaction and often involves tricking people into breaking normal security procedures
56
Netiquette
etiquette on the Internet
57
URL
abbreviation of Uniform Resource Locator
58
Data
facts or figures, or information that's stored in or used by a computer
59
Aggregate
To gather, collect or assemble
60
Aggregate data
to gather separate sets of data
61
Discovery data
any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case
62
Inference/conclusion
Inferences are steps in reasoning, moving from premises to conclusions
63
Social Media
Websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or to participate in social networking
64
Permanence of online data
Nothing you do online is private and anything you put on social media (even if you delete it) could still exist forever and can never be completely erased
65
Appropriate methods of communication
When communicating with others, consider the best way to deliver the message (texting, e-mail, social media, in person)
66
Online safety
Exercising caution and consciousness of personal data that is shared online
67
Computational practices
Analyze the effects of developments in computing Design and implement creative solutions and artifacts Apply abstractions and models Analyze their computational work and the work of others Communicate computational thought processes, procedures, and results to others Collaborate with peers on computing activities
68
Computational thinking
is the thought processes involved in formulating a problem and expressing its solution(s) in such a way that a computer—human or machine—can effectively carry out
69
Troubleshooting
Trace and correct errors in a software program
70
Problem solving techniques and steps
Understand the problem Plan the solution Carry out the plan Review and Reflect on your solution
71
Algorithm
A set of steps to solve a problem
72
Quick sort
One of the many ways of sorting data that is more efficient than most.
73
Selction sort
A way of sorting data that is not as efficient as others (such as quick sort).
74
Ways of visualizing data (diagrams, charts, graphs, tables)
Create artifacts when carrying out the problem-solving process.
75
Minimal spanning tree
The shortest path between all the locations in a network
76
real world applications for minimal spanning trees
``` Package Delivery Routes Computer Networks Computer Chip circuitry Airlines Pipes (water and sewer lines) Electrical Grids ```
77
binary systems
Base 2 counting system. Consisting of 1’s and 0’s. On and off pulses
78
Binary pattern to count from 0-31 | Write the binary version of: 3, 11, 23, 31 below:
``` 00000011 = 3 00001011 = 11 00010111 = 23 00011111 = 31 ```
79
Binary search
Divide the data in half, eliminate the half that does NOT contain what you’re looking for. Divide the data in half again, and eliminate the half that doesn’t contain the item. Repeat until you find what you’re looking for. Data must be sorted first!
80
linear search
Look at each item one by one, in order, until you find what you’re looking for. Does not require sorting
81
storyboard
Before beginning a project in Scratch, make a plan that identifies program components and design elements.
82
sprite
An object in the Scratch program that is manipulated by blocks with
83
loops
Repeating a task for a specified amount of times Execute an algorithm (one or more scripts) a certain number of times
84
broadcast
Sends a message to all the sprites (and the background). This is useful if you want to tell other sprites when to do something.
85
x and y coordinates for movement
Move the sprite to a specific x and y position on the stage.
86
events
Something has to happen, such as the green flag being clicked, to start a strand of code
87
motion blocks
Tells the sprite to move a certain way. Move 10 steps just moves in the direction the sprite is facing. Go to X: Y: tells an exact coordinate for the sprite to go to. Glide 1 second to X: Y: tells the exact coordinates for the sprite to go to, but it glides to that point instead of appearing (teleporting). Turn 15 degrees will rotate the sprite a certain number of degrees left or right, depending on the block.
88
looks
A category of blocks in Scratch that change the “look” of a sprite or make have it say or think something
89
conditionals
If condition is true, runs the blocks inside
90
wait
Tells the sprite to wait X number of seconds to do the next block of code.
91
variables
A named storage location in the computer’s memory. The value stored in a variable can change.
92
randomness
Picks a random integer within the specified range
93
ethical responsibility
A user’s duty to act in a legal manner

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