unit 1 vocab Flashcards
champa rice
fast-ripening and drought-resistant strain of rice from the Champa Kingdom, greatly expanded agricultural production in China.
proto-industrialization
set of economic changes in China under the Song dynasty in which people in rural areas made more goods than they could sell
artisans
skilled craft workers that produced steel and other products in widely dispersed smelting facilities under the supervision of the Chinese imperial government
scholar gentry
new social class composed of individuals educated in Confucian philosophy; became most influential social class in China
filial piety
Confucian idea that constitutes the duty of family members to subordinate their desires to those of male head of the family and to the ruler
grand canal
inexpensive and efficient internal waterway transportation system that extended over 30,000 miles
song dynasty
replaced the tang in 960 and ruled for more than three centuries;; ruled a smaller region than the tang but had a more prosperous reign under which the arts flourished
imperial bureaucracy
a vast organization in which appointed officials carried out he empire’s policies
meritocracy
the china’s bureaucratic system that allowed officials to obtain their positions by demonstrating their merit on the civil service exams
woodblock printing
system of printing in the 7th century invented by the Chinese
Buddhism
a religion that had come to China from its birthplace in India via the silk roads
Theravada Buddhism
focused on personal spiritual growth through silent meditation and self-discipline ; strongest in southeast Asia
mahayana Buddhism
focused on spiritual growth for all beings and on service ; strongest in China and korea
tibetan buddhism
focused on chanting and became strongest in Tibet
syncretic
fused faith ( different doctrines and traditions from different origins )
Chan ( Zen ) Buddhism
syncretic of Buddhist doctrines combined with elements of Daoist traditions
neo-confucianism
evolved in China between 770 and 840; a syncretic system that combined rational though with the more abstract ideas of Daoism and Buddhism
nuclear families
families made up of only a wife husband, and their children; preferred by the Vietnamese while the Chinese preferred extended families
mamluk sultanate
Egyptian mamluks seized control of egyptian gov and facilitated trade in cotton and sugar between islamic world and europe
Seljuk Turks
Seljuk Turks from central Asia who were Muslims created an e mpire known as the Seljuk empire that extended almost as far as western china
sultan
ruler of Muslim country
Abbasid caliphate
empire that experienced a golden age of Islam and had their capital in Bachdad
crusaders
christians who invaded Seljuk turks territory in order to gain back the holy land
sufis
Muslims who emphasized introspection to grasp truths they believed could not be understood through learning
house of wisdom
located in Baghdad, one of the largest libraries in all of known world at the time
Nasir al din al tusi
islamic scholar who contributed to many findings; built one of the most accurate observatories in his time and father of trigonometry
Aishah al Bauniyyah
a profilic female poet whose writing portrayed her broad education and learnings about sufism
Vijayanagara empire
southern India ; took name from victorious city that was created by two Hindi brothers
Rajput kingdoms
north India ; Hindu kingdoms that formed in northern India and present-day Pakistan
Delhi sultanate
Islamic state made by Turkish people that invaded northern India
srivijaya empire ( Sumatra )
Hindu sea-based Kingdom that prospered by charging fees on ships passing from India and china
majahapit Kingdom ( java )
Buddhist sea-based kingdom that prospered by charging fees on ships passing from india to china
sinhala dynasties ( sri Lanka )
land base- kingdom that was Buddhist
khmer empire ( Cambodia )
also known as the Angkor kingdom that was situated near the Mekong river. it had a complex draining and irrigation system
sukhothai kingdom
invaded the khmer empire and forced them out in 1431
proselytize
to actively seek converters
