unit 1 vocab

Question 1

champa rice

Answer 1

fast-ripening and drought-resistant strain of rice from the Champa Kingdom, greatly expanded agricultural production in China.

Question 2

proto-industrialization

Answer 2

set of economic changes in China under the Song dynasty in which people in rural areas made more goods than they could sell

Question 3

artisans

Answer 3

skilled craft workers that produced steel and other products in widely dispersed smelting facilities under the supervision of the Chinese imperial government

Question 4

scholar gentry

Answer 4

new social class composed of individuals educated in Confucian philosophy; became most influential social class in China

Question 5

filial piety

Answer 5

Confucian idea that constitutes the duty of family members to subordinate their desires to those of male head of the family and to the ruler

Question 6

grand canal

Answer 6

inexpensive and efficient internal waterway transportation system that extended over 30,000 miles

Question 7

song dynasty

Answer 7

replaced the tang in 960 and ruled for more than three centuries;; ruled a smaller region than the tang but had a more prosperous reign under which the arts flourished

Question 8

imperial bureaucracy

Answer 8

a vast organization in which appointed officials carried out he empire’s policies

Question 9

meritocracy

Answer 9

the china’s bureaucratic system that allowed officials to obtain their positions by demonstrating their merit on the civil service exams

Question 10

woodblock printing

Answer 10

system of printing in the 7th century invented by the Chinese

Question 11

Buddhism

Answer 11

a religion that had come to China from its birthplace in India via the silk roads

Question 12

Theravada Buddhism

Answer 12

focused on personal spiritual growth through silent meditation and self-discipline ; strongest in southeast Asia

Question 13

mahayana Buddhism

Answer 13

focused on spiritual growth for all beings and on service ; strongest in China and korea

Question 14

tibetan buddhism

Answer 14

focused on chanting and became strongest in Tibet

Question 15

syncretic

Answer 15

fused faith ( different doctrines and traditions from different origins )

Question 16

Chan ( Zen ) Buddhism

Answer 16

syncretic of Buddhist doctrines combined with elements of Daoist traditions

Question 17

neo-confucianism

Answer 17

evolved in China between 770 and 840; a syncretic system that combined rational though with the more abstract ideas of Daoism and Buddhism

Question 18

nuclear families

Answer 18

families made up of only a wife husband, and their children; preferred by the Vietnamese while the Chinese preferred extended families

Question 19

mamluk sultanate

Answer 19

Egyptian mamluks seized control of egyptian gov and facilitated trade in cotton and sugar between islamic world and europe

Question 20

Seljuk Turks

Answer 20

Seljuk Turks from central Asia who were Muslims created an e mpire known as the Seljuk empire that extended almost as far as western china

Question 21

sultan

Answer 21

ruler of Muslim country

Question 22

Abbasid caliphate

Answer 22

empire that experienced a golden age of Islam and had their capital in Bachdad

Question 23

crusaders

Answer 23

christians who invaded Seljuk turks territory in order to gain back the holy land

Question 24

sufis

Answer 24

Muslims who emphasized introspection to grasp truths they believed could not be understood through learning

Question 25

house of wisdom

Answer 25

located in Baghdad, one of the largest libraries in all of known world at the time

Question 26

Nasir al din al tusi

Answer 26

islamic scholar who contributed to many findings; built one of the most accurate observatories in his time and father of trigonometry

Question 27

Aishah al Bauniyyah

Answer 27

a profilic female poet whose writing portrayed her broad education and learnings about sufism

Question 28

Vijayanagara empire

Answer 28

southern India ; took name from victorious city that was created by two Hindi brothers

Question 29

Rajput kingdoms

Answer 29

north India ; Hindu kingdoms that formed in northern India and present-day Pakistan

Question 30

Delhi sultanate

Answer 30

Islamic state made by Turkish people that invaded northern India

Question 31

srivijaya empire ( Sumatra )

Answer 31

Hindu sea-based Kingdom that prospered by charging fees on ships passing from India and china

Question 32

majahapit Kingdom ( java )

Answer 32

Buddhist sea-based kingdom that prospered by charging fees on ships passing from india to china

Question 33

sinhala dynasties ( sri Lanka )

Answer 33

land base- kingdom that was Buddhist

Question 34

khmer empire ( Cambodia )

Answer 34

also known as the Angkor kingdom that was situated near the Mekong river. it had a complex draining and irrigation system

Question 35

sukhothai kingdom

Answer 35

invaded the khmer empire and forced them out in 1431

Question 36

proselytize

Answer 36

to actively seek converters