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AP Human Geography > Unit 1 Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 1 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

Mercator Map Projection

A

Simple & reliable. Misleading. Size comparison is not right when zoomed out, becomes less accurate,

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2
Q

Peters Map Projection

A

Size comparison is accurate but countries are distorted.

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3
Q

Robinson Map Projection

A

Most accurate

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4
Q

Distance - Decay

A

The name of the theory that states that as the distance between two places increases, the interaction between those two places decreases.

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5
Q

Friction of Distance

A

The idea that movement over space requires effort, resulting in an undesirable loss of resources, typically called a cost or impedance, that is directly proportional to the distance between a source and destination.

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6
Q

Intervening Opportunity

A

A feature (usually economic) that causes a migrant to choose a destination other than his original one.

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7
Q

Ethnocentric

A

The feeling that one’s own ethnic group is superior

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8
Q

Field Work

A

The study of geographic phenomena by visiting and observing how people interact with and thereby change those places.

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9
Q

Globalization

A

The increasing connection of economic, cultural, and political characteristics across the world.

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10
Q

Scale

A

The relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole, specifically the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth’s surface.

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11
Q

Spatial Perspective

A

A way of thinking about how and why physical features or processes are positioned in geographic space.

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12
Q

Epidemiology

A

A field of study that looks at patterns of health and disease within a population.

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13
Q

Pandemic

A

Epidemics that are spread over a wide geographic area.

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14
Q

Epidemic

A

Disease outbreaks that infect a large share of individuals in a community.

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15
Q

Absolute Location

A

The exact location; longitude & latitude

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16
Q

Relative Location

A

The position of a place or entity based on its location with respect to other locations.

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17
Q

Human Environment Interaction

A

The effect that humans have on their environment and the effect that the environment has on humans.

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17
Q

Region

A

Any area differentiated from surrounding areas by at least one characteristic.

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18
Q

Sense of Place

A

The emotions someone attaches to an area based on their experiences.

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18
Q

Perceptions of Places

A

Belief or “understanding” about a place developed through books, movies, stories or pictures.

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19
Q

Accessibility/connectivity

A

Connectivity - The relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space.
Accessibility - The degree of ease with which it is possible to reach certain location from other locations.

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20
Q

Cultural Landscape

A

A historically significant property that shows evidence of human interaction with the physical environment.

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21
Q

Sequent Occupance

A

The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape.

22
Q

Reference Maps

A

Maps that show where something is in space; general overview of location

23
Q

Thematic Maps

A

Maps that tell a story about a place.

24
Q

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A

A network of satellites and receiving devices used to determine the location of something on Earth

25
Q

Activity Space

A

A geographic extent in which people move in the course of their daily activities.

26
Q

Mental Maps

A

A personal visualization of spatial information, or a map of information in the human.

27
Q

GIS

A

A computer system for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth’s surface.

28
Q

Remote Sensing

A

The process of taking pictures of the Earth’s surface from satellites (or, earlier, airplanes) to provide a greater understanding of the Earth’s geography over large distances.

29
Q

Formal Region

A

An area within which everyone shares distinctive characteristics.

30
Q

Functional Region

A

An area organized around a central focal point or node.

31
Q

Perceptual Region

A

An area that people believe exist as part of their cultural identity.

32
Q

Culture Trait

A

The specific customs that are part of the everyday life of a particular culture, such as language, religion, ethnicity, social institutions, and aspects of popular culture.

33
Q

Cultural Hearth

A

A place of origin for a widespread cultural trend.

34
Q

Diffusion

A

The spread of an idea or characteristic over time.

35
Q

Expansion Diffusion

A

When innovations spread to new places while staying strong in their original locations.

36
Q

Hierarchical Diffusion

A

When an idea spreads by passing first among the most connected individuals, then spreading to other individuals.

37
Q

Contagious Diffusion

A

A kind of cultural diffusion that relies on direct person-to-person contact for the spread of ideas, information, and knowledge.

38
Q

Stimulus Diffusion

A

Diffusion in which one people receives a culture element from another but gives it a new and unique form.

39
Q

Relocation Diffusion

A

The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another.

40
Q

Transculturation

A

The merging of different cultural elements

41
Q

Acculturation

A

The adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another.

42
Q

Environmental Determinism

A

The belief that the environment, most notably its physical factors such as landforms and climate, determines the patterns of human culture and societal development.

43
Q

Cultural Ecology

A

The relationship between culture and the environment, dealing with human adaptations to various environments.

44
Q

Political Ecology

A

The study of the relationships between political, economic and social factors with environmental issues and changes.

45
Q

Possibilism

A

The concept that the natural environment places constraints on human activity, but humans can adapt to some environmental limits while modifying others using technology.

46
Q

Choropleth

A

Show numbers with colors in a human made areal units (COUNTRY COUNTRY)

47
Q

Isopleth

A

Show numbers with colors with isolines over (Topographic)

48
Q

Cartogram

A

Shows numbers by distorting space (statistical) (WONKINESS)

49
Q

Dot map

A

Shows numbers with dots

50
Q

Graduated Circle Map

A

Shows numbers with circles

51
Q

Equator

A

A line that runs through the middle of the Earth horizontally.

52
Q

Prime Meridian

A

The line of 0° longitude, the starting point for measuring distance both east and west around Earth.

53
Q

International Date Line

A

On the opposite side of the planet to prime meridian.

54
Q

Tropic of Cancer/Capricorn

A

Tropic of Cancer - The most northern latitude on the Earth where the sun can appear directly overhead.
Tropic of Capricorn - The most southern latitude on the Earth where the sun can appear directly overhead.

AP Human Geography (1 decks)

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