Unit 1 Topic 3-5 Flashcards
Asexual Reproduction
reproduction from one parent
eg. bacteria sliptting
Bacterial Conjugation
The direct transfer of DNA from one bacteria cell to another
No Reproduction Occurs
Binary Fission
the reproduction process of a single celled organism splitting into two
Asexual
Biotechnology
technology involving using or modifying living organisms
Budding
the reproduction process in which a small bud forms on an object and then eventually breaks away
Asexual
Chromosome
Tightly packed stands of DNA
23 from each parent
46 in normal cell, 23 in reproductive cells
Clone
An identical copy of a molecule, gene, cell or organism
Continuous variation
Traits that have a range of possibilites
eg. Height, Skin tone
Cotyledon
A structure in a seed that norishes the plant embryo
Cross-pollination
pollination of a flower with pollen from a
different plant
Discreate variation
Traists that have a limited number of possibilities
eg. Blood type, Dominant Hand
DNA
A molecule that stores the genetic info. and directs function of cells
Found in the nucleus of each cell
Dominant Trait
A trait that shows up even if only one parent passes on the gene
Embryo
A mutli-cell organism in development after fertalization
Gene
A section of DNA that codes for a specific protein and function
Genetic Engineering
the artificial altering of the DNA of an organism or a population of organisms
Genetics
Heritable traits
Can also be the study of genes
Heritable
A gentic characteristic that can be passed on
from parent to offspring
eg. Hair color
Meristem
unspecialized cells in the tips of roots
and shoots that produces new growth
in plants
(cuttings can be used and new plant can grow from the cells)
Mutagen
An agent that causes a mutation
eg. Chemicals, Radiation
Nature vs nurture
are people the way they are because of their genetics of their environment
Ovule
The part that turns into the seed
Female Gamete or egg
Pistil
The female part of a flower
Includes stigma and ovary
Pollen Tube
a tube that grows from a pollen grain toward the ovary
Recessive Trait
A trait that shows up only when both parents pass on the gene
A ressive trait will not show up when paired with a dominant gene
Mutation
A change in the DNA of an organism
Thru natural or artificial causes
Reproductive Strategy
The method of reproduction
Self-pollination
pollination of a flower with pollen from
the same flower
Sexual reproduction
Reproductive process involving two sexes or mating types
Somatic Cell
Body cells
Have 46 chromosomes
Not reproductive
Spore
a reproductive structure (like seeds but smaller)
Asexual
Stamen
The male part of the flower
Includes anther and pollen
Transgenic
An organism created by moving DNA from one organism to another artificially
Variation
differences in characteristics of organisms
Zoospore
A spore that uses a tail-like sturcture to move
Asexual
Zygospore
A reproductive structure in some fungi
Sexual
Zygote
The new cell formed by fertalization
Sexual
