Unit 1 - The New Republic

Question 1

Bill of Rights

Question 2

Washington’s Foreign Policy

Answer 2

Franco-American Alliance (1778)
- Bound U.S. to support French in the west indies
French Revolution (1789-1815)
- initial support (wanted to start republic since a republic. Supported revolution, longest ally)
- Mood changed because it became more violent (mob violence, mass executions)
- Louis XVI executed (1793) (questions relationship with France, now run by radicals)
France & GB at War (1793)
- U.S. stuck in the middle
- Both sides impressing American ships
- Citizen Genêt (French in America paying U.S. ships to attack GB under American flag. Problem can’t have Americans involved)
Washington Neutrality Proclamation (1793)
- flashcard
Jay Treaty (1794)
- Flashcard
Pinckeny’s Treaty (1795)
- In response to U.S. being denied access to Mississippi river by Spain
- Ensured access to Miss river
- New Orleans & Northwest of Florida to U.S.
- Opened U.S. expansion
Battle of Fallen Timbers (1794)
- U.S. defeats Miami Confederacy and leader Little Turtle
- Forced NA to sign Treaty of Greenville (1795) (flashcard)

Question 3

Proclamation of Neutrality (1793)

Answer 3

• everyone wanted to go to war, but Washington knew country not strong enough to become involved (heavy debt, still healing from revolution, country might not survive)
• Establishes Isolationist tradition in American foreign policy
• Reinforces President as chief diplomat
• Jefferson resigned State Department

Question 4

Judiciary Act of 1789

Question 5

Whiskey Rebellion (1794)

Answer 5

• Hamilton made $0.07 tax on whiskey (1791) to help pay debt
• Hated by southerns
• Whiskey was made out of excess by western farms b/c it lasted longer
• People start going after tax collectors & making public demonstrations
• Pennsylvania farmers refuse to pay tax
• Washington & Hamilton lead 13,000 troops to restore order
• No fighting, all went home when troops arrived
• 20 arrested, all acquitted or pardoned
• First display of federal gov “ensuring domestic tranquitly”
• Democratic Republicans condemn as “brutal display of force” that were going beyond the powers of the Constitution

Question 6

Jay Treaty (1795)

Answer 6

In response to foreign policy concern with Great Britain. They were seizing U.S. ships and impressing sailor to join GB navy.
GB will…
- remove forts
- new trade treaty (still had fur trade in northwest)
- pay for ships when America pays for Tory debt (still seize ships in certain waters)
GB will not…
- stop impressment
- recognize American neutrality
Kept U.S. out of war with GB, but makes Republicans mad and is largely unpopular.

Question 7

Hamilton’s Financial Plan and 3 Reports

Question 8

Federalists vs. Democratic Republicans

Question 9

Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)

Answer 9

• Naturalization, Alien & Sedition Acts
• 4 separate acts
• Alien (Deport)
• Sedition (censorship)
• wanted to extend how long it took to make you a citizen (14 years now) (new citizens were voting in the Republic)
• Trying to piggy back of Americans dislike for French
• Also stop republican base
• went far over the reach of power
• Answer was Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions
• End popularity of party (Federalists)
• incredibility unpopular
• took away freedom of speech
• Mentioned as bad in Jefferson’s Inaugural Address

Question 10

Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions

Answer 10

• Nullification of Alien & Sedition Acts
• States had the right to judge the constitutionality of federal laws

Question 11

Hartford Convention

Question 12

Election of 1800

Answer 12

• Washington chooses to only do 2 terms
• Burr vs. Jefferson
• Hamilton campaigns against Burr
• Tie, goes to House of Reps.
• Jefferson wins
• Leads to 12th amendment (vice is not runner up, but they run together)
• First peaceful transition of power from one group to another

Question 13

Jefferson’s Political Agenda

Question 14

Louisiana Purchase (1803)

Question 15

Hamilton-Burr Rivalry

Question 16

Lewis and Clark

Answer 16

• explore west with Sacagawea
• 1300 mile expedition to Pacific Ocean (1805)
• Instilled visions of continental U.S.
• Some people had already been out west (mountain men), but first to document & come back

Question 17

Treaty of Greenville (1795)

Answer 17

Miami Confederacy defeated at the Battle of Fallen Timbers (Leader Little Turtle). Forced NA to sign treaty . Makes NA tribes move out of Ohio River Valley, creating the now states of Ohio and Illinois. Opened U.S. expansionism.

Question 18

“Western war with Eastern labels”

Answer 18

The War of 1812
This means that the real causes of the war were to control western NA land & trade through New Orleans

Question 19

Tecumseh and the Western Confederacy

Answer 19

Tenskwatawa
- Know as the Prophet
- Religious teachings to not become white (anti-alcohol, manufactured goods..)
Tecumseh
- Brother
- More militant
- Activity trying to reverse white settlement
- Attacking white settlements & united tribes in the Ohio valley

Question 20

Battle of Tippecanoe

Answer 20

Tecumseh attacking white settlements & uniting tribes in the Ohio valley
- Willian Henry Harrison (Future Prez.) wanted to prevent this and attacked main NA rally point, Tippecanoe
- Destroyed native settlement
- British supported Tecumseh
- 7 years war & revolution against NA, who lost bad

Question 21

“Virginia Dynasty”

Question 22

War Hawks

Question 23

War of 1812

Answer 23

• First war America declared
  Cause GB impressment
• many sailors were actually British
• Citizenship was still fluid at the time
• Many papers were forged (British sailors didn’t want to fight in the war)
• Were stopping a lot of shipping
• Annoying French loving Republicans
• Also a lot of conspiracy theories
  Smallest margin war was declared
• Northern states who trade didn’t want war
• Southern & Western states agrarian, wanted expansion & war
• British passed Orders in Counsel (required U.S. ships to dock in GB & pay tax before moving on)
• OC not cause of the war because had been there for 5 years and ended before war start (U.S. didn’t know it ended before war start because of ocean)
  Cause Canada (U.S. wanted Canada)
• U.S. under funded & manned than GB
• GB fighting Napoleon until 1814, so didn’t do great in the beginning (Defeating Napoleon ended impressment b/c didn’t need as many sailors anymore)
• U.S. thought Canadians would join them (they didn’t)
• Bad planning U.S. went to Detroit instead of Montreal since they would have to march through anti-war Federalist NY
• British got to D.C. and burned the white house
  Battle of New Orleans (Andrew Jackson)
• flashcard

Question 24

Battle of New Orleans (Jan. 1815)

Answer 24

• Leader Andrew Jackson
• Lost only 71 men, killed 2,036
• Took place 2 weeks after peace treaty signed
• Made Jackson war hero & popular

Question 25

Treaty of Ghent (1814)

Answer 25

• ended war of 1812
• no territory changed hands
• British wanted to carve up U.S. to make independent NA nation (take Maine, demilitarize great lakes), but couldn’t because told Russia they can’t have any land in Europe after Napoleonic wars
• Made everything status quo
• Made U.S. a player on the world stage

Question 26

John Marshall’s Supreme Court - Marshall’s Three Principles

Question 27

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Question 28

McCullough v. Maryland (1819)

Question 29

Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

Question 30

Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)

Question 31

The “Era of Good Feelings”

Question 32

Monroe Doctrine