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DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY > Unit 1: The Life span Perspective > Flashcards

Unit 1: The Life span Perspective Flashcards

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1
Q

focuses on how people grow and change
over the course of a lifetime.

A

Developmental Psychology

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2
Q

scientific study of how people change and stay the same over time.

A

Human development

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3
Q

the number or amount of something

A

quantitative change

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4
Q

the increase in physical size of a whole

A

Growth

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5
Q

the kind, structure or organization which is marked by emergence of a
new phenomenon that could not have been predicted from earlier
functioning.

A

. qualitative change

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6
Q

the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues
through the human life span

A

Development

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7
Q
  • In the life-span perspective, early adulthood is not the endpoint of
    development; rather, no age period dominates development.
A

Development Is Lifelong

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8
Q
  • No matter what your age might be, your body, mind, emotions, and
    relationships are changing and affecting each other.
A

Development Is Multidimensional

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9
Q
  • Throughout life, some dimensions or components of a dimension expand
    and others shrink.
  • For example, when
A

Development Is Multidirectional

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10
Q
  • Plasticity means the capacity for change.
A

Development Is Plastic

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11
Q
  • Psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, neuroscientists, and medical
    researchers all share an interest in unlocking the mysteries of development
    through the life span.
A

Developmental Science Is Multidisciplinary

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12
Q
  • All development occurs within a context, or setting.
A

Development Is Contextual

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13
Q
  • These influences include biological processes such as puberty and
    menopause.
A

Normative age-graded influences

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14
Q

are common to people of a particular
generation because of historical circumstances

A

Normative history-graded influences

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15
Q

are unusual occurrences that have a major impact on
the lives of individual people.

A

Nonnormative life events

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16
Q

Clinical psychologists are among the health professionals who help people
improve their well-being.

A

Health and Well-Being

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17
Q
  • Can two gay men raise a healthy family?
  • Are children harmed if both parents work outside the home?
A

Parenting and Education

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18
Q

Health, parenting, and education— like development itself—are all shaped by
their sociocultural context

A

Sociocultural Contexts and Diversity

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19
Q

results from the interaction of people over many

A

Culture

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20
Q
  • implies certain inequalities
A

Socioeconomic status

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21
Q

more central to our identity and social
relationships than

A

gender

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22
Q

almost overwhelming increase in the use of ———- at all
points in human development

A

technology

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23
Q

requires an important set of skills.

A

Observation

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24
Q
  • Sometimes the best and quickest way to get information about people is
    to ask them for it.
A

Survey and Interview

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25
Q

has uniform procedures for administration and
scoring

A

Standardized Test

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26
Q

is an in-depth look at a single individual.

A

Case Study

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27
Q
  • Hormone levels are increasingly used in developmental research
A

Physiological Measures

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28
Q

physiological measure that has been used
for many decades to monitor overall electrical activity in the brain.

A

EEG

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29
Q

which aims to observe and record behavior.

A

Descriptive Research

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30
Q

the goal is to describe the strength of the
relationship between two or more events or characteristics.

A

correlational research

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31
Q

carefully regulated procedure in which one or more
factors believed to influence the behavior being studied are manipulated
while all other factors are held constant.

A

experimental research.

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32
Q

is a research strategy that simultaneously
compares individuals of different ages.

A

Cross-Sectional Approach

33
Q

is a research strategy in which the same individuals
are studied over a period of time, usually several years or more.
- They are expensive and time-consuming.

A

longitudinal approach

34
Q

is a group of people who are born at a similar point in history and
share similar experiences as a result,

A

Cohort Effects

35
Q
  • All participants must know what their research participation will involve
    and what risks might develop.
A

Informed consent.

36
Q

.
- Researchers are responsible for keeping all of the data they gather on
individuals completely confidential and, when possible, completely
anonymous.

A

Confidentiality.

37
Q
  • After the study has been completed, participants should be informed of
    its purpose and the methods that were used.
A

Debriefing.

38
Q
  • In some circumstances, telling the participants beforehand what the
    research study is about substantially alters the participants’ behavior and
    invalidates the researcher’s data.
A

Deception.

39
Q

produce changes in an individual’s physical nature.

A

Biological processes

40
Q

refer to changes in the individual’s thought,
intelligence, and language.

A

Cognitive processes

41
Q

involve changes in the individual’s
relationships with other people, changes in emotions, and changes in
personality.

A

Socioemotional processes

42
Q
  • which explores links between development, cognitive processes, and the
    brain
A

developmental cognitive neuroscience

43
Q
  • which examines connections between socioemotional processes,
    development, and the brain
A

developmental social neuroscience

44
Q
  • the time from conception to birth.
A

The prenatal period

45
Q
  • the developmental period from birth to 18 or 24 months. is a
    time of extreme dependence upon adults.
A

Infancy

46
Q
  • the developmental period from 3 through 5 years of age.
  • This period is sometimes called the “preschool years.”
A

Early childhood

47
Q
  • the developmental period from about 6 to 10 or 11 years of age,
    approximately corresponding to the elementary school years.
A

Middle and late childhood

48
Q
  • the developmental period of transition from childhood to early
    adulthood, entered at approximately 10 to 12 years of age and ending at
    18 to 21 years of age.
A

Adolescence

49
Q
  • the developmental period that begins in the early twenties and lasts
    through the thirties. a time of establishing personal and economic
    independence, advancing in a career, and for many, selecting a mate,
    learning to live with that person in an intimate way, starting a family, and
    rearing children.
A

Early adulthood

50
Q
  • the developmental period from approximately 40 to about 60 years of
    age.
A

Middle adulthood

51
Q
  • the developmental period that begins during the sixties or seventies and
    lasts until death.
A

Late adulthood

52
Q

Childhood and adolescence

A

First age

53
Q

Prime adulthood, ages 20 through 59

A

Second age

54
Q

Approximately 60 to 79 years of age

A

Third age

55
Q

Approximately 80 years and older

A

Fourth age

56
Q

was a German psychologist whose broad scientific agenda was devoted to establishing and promoting the life-span orientation of human development. He was also a theorist in the field of the psychology of aging.

A

Paul B. Baltes

57
Q

is a process that prepares your child for independence. As your child grows and develops, there are many things you can do to help your child

A

Parenting

58
Q

is the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life. the act or process of imparting or acquiring particular knowledge or skills, as for a profession.

A

Education

59
Q

may be defined as any deliberate effort to help parents be more effective in caring for children.

A

Parenting education

60
Q

also known as conception, is the process by which sperm and ovum (sex cells) combine to create a single cell called zygote

A

Fertilization

61
Q

high frequency sound waves are directed into pregnant woman’s abdomen

A

Ultrasound Sonography

62
Q

uses powerful magnet and radio images to generate detailed images of the body’s organs and structures.

A

Fetal MRI

63
Q

small sample of placenta is removed

A

Chorionic Villus Sampling

64
Q

sample of amniotic fluid is withdrawn and tested for chromosomal and metabolic disorders.

A

Amniocentesis

65
Q

identifies pregnancies that have an elevated risk for birth defects.

A

Maternal Blood Screening

66
Q

period between conception and birth
Between 37-41 weeks

A

Gestation

67
Q

dated from the first day of an expectant mother’s last menstrual cycle.

A

Gestational Age

68
Q

development proceeds from head to the lowwer extremities

A

Cephalocaudal principle

69
Q

development proceeds from the center to outer parts of the body.

A

Proximodistal principle

70
Q

From fertilization to about 2 weeks of gestational age
zygote enters into cell division (mitosis) while making its way to fallopian tube.

A

Germinal Stage

71
Q

From 2 to 8 weeks (first 2 months)
Major body system (respiratory, digestive, and nervous system) develop known as Organogenesis

A

Embryonic Period

72
Q

most vulnerable to destructive influences

A

Critical period

73
Q

Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage) expulsion from the uterus of an embryo that is unable to survive outside the womb.

A

Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage)

74
Q

miscarriage occured after 20 months gestation(5 months)

A

Stillbirth

75
Q

From 8 weeks to birth
Appearance of the first bone cells
Final stage of gestation
grows rapidly to about 20x its previous length
finishing touces
Fetuses know when they approach the near end of pregnancy

A

Fetal Period

76
Q

process of giving birth

A

Labor

77
Q

series of uterine, cervical, and other changes which begins 2 weeks before the delivery

A

Parturition

78
Q

false contractions

A

Braxton-Hicks Contractions

79
Q
A

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY (2 decks)

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