Unit 1 - Textbook

Question 1

Government

Answer 1

the means by which a society organizes itself and how it allocates authority in order to accomplish collective goals and provide benefits that the society as a whole needs

Question 2

Politics

Answer 2

the process of gaining and exercising control within a government for the purpose of setting and achieving particular goals, especially those relating to the division of resources within a nation

Question 3

John Locke

Answer 3

natural rights to life, liberty, and property

Question 4

Adam Smith

Answer 4

free to acquire property

Question 5

Socialism

Answer 5

factories, large farms, and banks are owned by the government

Question 6

Private goods

Answer 6

people purchase what they need in the quantity they need it

flawed because not everyone has money

Question 7

Public goods

Answer 7

the market can’t provide verytging so some goods are providded by the government

ex: education

Question 8

Toll goods

Answer 8

avaliable to many and many could use them but only if they pay

ex: private school

Question 9

Common goods

Answer 9

all people may use for free but are of limited supply

ex: clean drinking water

Question 10

Egalitarianism

Answer 10

calls for equal treatment for all and the destruction of socioeconomic inequalities

Question 11

Democracy

Answer 11

governement which political power rests in the hands of the people

Question 12

Direct democracy

Answer 12

people directly particiapate in making government decisions

Question 13

Monarchy

Answer 13

one ruler holds political power

Question 14

Totalitarianism

Answer 14

government is more important than citizens and controls all aspects of citizens lives

Question 15

The Elite Theory

Elitism

Answer 15

a set of elite citizens is really controlling the government in the U.S. and others hvae little to no influence

Question 16

Oligarchy

Answer 16

Governemnt where a handful of elites hold political power

Question 17

Pluralist Theory

Pluralism

Answer 17

political power rests with competeing interest groups who share influence in governement

Question 18

Social Capital

Answer 18

the collective value of all “social networks” and the inclinations that arrive from these networks to do things for each other

Question 19

Partianship

Answer 19

the tendency to identify with and to support (blindly) a particular political party

Question 20

Latent preferences

Answer 20

preferences not deeply held and do not remain the same over time

Question 21

Intense preferences

Answer 21

preferences ased on strong feelings regarding an issue that someone adheres to over time

Question 22

Magna Carta

Answer 22

a promsie to King John’s subjects that e and future monarchs would refarin from certain actions that harmed or had the potential to harm the people of England

(1215)

Question 23

Social Contract

Answer 23

people sacrifice a small portion of their freedom and consent to be ruled in exchange for the government’s protection of their lives, liberty, and property

Question 24

Stamp Act

Answer 24

recquired almost all paper goods to have revenue stamps placed on them

Question 25

Townshed Acts

Answer 25

imposed taxes on everyday objects

Question 26

Articles of Confederation

Answer 26

the basis of the new nations governement

Question 27

Republic

Answer 27

the people hold power and elct representatives to govern according to the rule of law

Question 28

Confederation

Answer 28

an entity in which independent, self-governing states form a union for the purpose of acting together in issues

ex: defense

Question 29

Constitutional Convention

Answer 29

meeting where 55 delegates came together to write the new U.S Constitution