Unit 1 Test: World War 1

Question 1

Define and give the significance of Imperalism

Answer 1

Imperialism is a nation’s extension of its authority over lands by political, economic, or military means.This is significant because economics were very important at the time and it was almost like a race to see which colony would have control over the most land. This ultimately lead the world into WW1 because of everyone’s want for more land and more power.

Question 2

Define and give the significance of Nationalism

Answer 2

Nationalism is the devotion to the interest of a nation, often above all other considerations and often comes across as pride in the country. This is significant because this is why many soldiers enlisted to go to war and support their country. This also sparked war as all the countries were competing to get the most land possible. Imperialism and nationalism often work together. .

Question 3

Define and give the significance of Militarism

Answer 3

Militarism is the policy of building up military forces and weaponry or of threatening armed aggression. This is significant because at the time the country with the most men in its forces was seen as the most powerful and having the most men in their forces was important at the time because they mostly used attrition which would require a lot of men in an especially violent war.

Question 4

Define and give the significance of Alliances

Answer 4

Alliances are agreements or treaties between nations to cooperate for a specific purpose. This is significant because alliances were the only reason that the war between Austria-Hungary and Serbia turned into the first world war is because of the groups allied with these 2 countries.

Question 5

Define and give the significance of the Triple Entente or the Allies?

Answer 5

The allies or the triple entente were the group of countries allied to Serbia that were drawn into war because their allies were. They are significant because they were the alliance that ended up winning the war which involved Britain and it’s allies (including Canada), France, and Russia and they were a very strong pushing force in WW1.

Question 6

Define and give the significance of the Triple Alliance or the Central Powers?

Answer 6

The Central Powers or Triple Alliance were the group of countries that were allied to Austria-Hungary which included Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy but Italy joined the Triple Entente in 1915. They are significant because they were at the losing end of the war and much of the blame was actually put onto Germany because Austria-Hungary was split up into many different countries. After war, many of the boundaries of these countries changed to benefit the Allies.

Question 7

Define and give the significance of Patriotism?

Answer 7

Patriotism is being patriotic or loyal towards another country. This was significant in WW1 because it drove many people to enlist in the military and support their own country whether that was overseas or supporting them from the home front.

Question 8

Define and give the significance of a Pacifist?

Answer 8

a pacifist is a person that didn’t agree with war and always wanted everything to be peaceful. They saw war as wasteful, violent and destructive. They are significant because they were put under a lot of pressure and guilt to have their men sent to war and were frowned upon because they did nothing to support the war effort. This created conflict and protests at home.

Question 9

Define and give the significance of the War Measures Act?

Answer 9

The War Measures Act was a policy that gave the government control over many aspects of the countries economy including transportation, imports, exports and production and manufacturing of goods. This is significant because it allows the government to have more control over its country and their use of goods during war time. This allowed for the manufacturing companies to be forced to switch over to making weapons of war to support the WW1. They could also be made to manufacture goods that would sell at high prices so they could sell and make more money when it was tight. /this allowed for Canada to support itself and the war at the same time.

Question 10

Define and give the significance of Attrition?

Answer 10

Attrition is when the soldiers would fight in wars by just throwing as many people as they could at the enemy in hopes of wearing them down. This is significant because this is mainly how the first world war was fought and it was thought to be the best way to fight. This wasn’t changed until later on in the war when they started coming up with strategies and plans instead of wasting men and machines. General Arthur Currie changed this is 1917

Question 11

Define and give the significance of the Schlieffen Plan?

Answer 11

The Schlieffen plan was a plan laid out by the Germans to invade Belgium, who wanted to stay neutral, and attack France from Belgium’s border with them. This is significant because in doing this, they captured Belgium and drew the British into protecting Belgium and trying to win Belgium back. Also, since Britain declared war on the central powers because Germany invaded Belgium, it brought into the war all of Britains colonies including Canada.

Question 12

Define and give the significance of Trench Foot?

Answer 12

Trench foot was an illness that many soliders got while fighting in the very wet and cold trenches. It consisted of getting infected, swollen and very sore feet from them constantly being wet. This is significant because it was the first illness that effected soldiers before they were able to serve their country for very long. This meant that they would have to go to the hospitals or be sent home which resulted in a drop in numbers.

Question 13

Define and give the significance of a U-boat?

Answer 13

A u-boat is a german submarine like ship that was used in WW1 as an attack vessel. They were significant because they were one of the first ships that could sneak under the radar of most ships and attack unexpectedly. The u-boat was special to the germans and were very hard to defend against.

Question 14

Define and give the significance of a q-ship?

Answer 14

A q-ship was an innocent looking marine ship that appeared to be carrying passengers or cargo when the bottom of it was really full with munitions and artilery. This was significant because it allowed for the British ships to catch the Germans off guard and attack them when there didnt seem to be any threats.

Question 15

Define and give the significance of a merchant marine?

Answer 15

A merchant marine is a civilian ship with sailors that trasnported food, munitions and weapons during war time. They were significant because they were nessecary to keep fueling the militaries needs.

Question 16

Define and give the significance of a Naval Blockade?

Answer 16

A naval blockade is when the ports of a country are blocked off to prevent anything from entering or leaving the country. This made getting food, munitions, weapons and communications difficult. This is significant because during the war, the Allies blocked off may ports of Germany which pushed their entire country close to poverty and helped lead to their collaspe.

Question 17

Define and give the significance of the Lusitania?

Answer 17

The lusitania was a civilian ship that was torpedoed and sunk by a German u-boat. This is significant because there were many passengers that died on that ship from many different countries but there were a large number from the US. When the US found out, they were quite angry and seeked revenge on the Germans which was considered a push factor to send them to war.

Question 18

Define and give the significance of a submarine?

Answer 18

A submarine was a boat that sat under the water an d was heavily loaded with ammunitions. They were significant because they were hard to spot in the water, they could sneak under defense lines, they could easily attack enemy ships and they were hard to detect with the radar making them hard to attack and defend against.

Question 19

Define and give the significance of the Canadian Expedtionary Force?

Answer 19

The CEF was Canada’s contribution to the armed forces of the war. It brought Canadians from all different types of backgrounds to fight and work together. This is significant becasue it was the first time that Canadians worked together as one whole unit and it brought a sense of pride and unity to the diverse country.

Question 20

Define and give the significance of the 2nd Battle of Ypres?

Answer 20

The second battle of ypres was the battle where they introduced the use of chlorine gas which was very toxic and harmful to soldiers. Even though the use of gas was outlawed, the Germans still used it on the Allies. The battle occurred in April of 1915 and had about 6000 casualties but the Canadians never lost any ground. The battle occurred in Flanders, Belgium which is also the Battle where “In Flanders Fields” was written.

Question 21

Define and give the significance of the Halifax Explosion.

Answer 21

The Halifax Explosion was an explosion caused by the collision of 2 ships- the IMO and the Mont Blanc- creating an extremely devastating explosion. It was significant because it was the biggest man made explosion, it lead to the creation of the atomic bomb and it devastated Halifax which was a main port used during WW1 which made transporting goods, food and munitions hard.

Question 22

Define and give the significance of the Battle of the Somme?

Answer 22

The Battle of the Somme was a long battle fought by using attrition which resulted in the loss of many lives. it started on july 1 1916. It was significat because it was the largest disaster in British military history because of the amount of lives lost and the Canadians were eventualy successful in accomplishing their objective of capturing 8 km earning respect for Canadians.

Question 23

Define and give the significance of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment?

Answer 23

The Royal Newfoundland Regiment was Newfoundlands armed forces (since it was not yet part of Canada). They are significant because they were very invloved in WW1 but were almost completely killed in the First day of the Battle of the Somme aand had a casuality rate of about 90%.

Question 24

Define and give the significance of Battle of Vimy Ridge?

Answer 24

The battle of vimy ridge was a battle that was very hard to fight because germany had taken over a ridge that could see almost all of the allies plans as they carried them out. It was significant because it was the first battle where all Canadians fought together and eventually took over Vimy. It was also the forts battle where atrition wasnt used. Instead they used a creeping barrage and heavy shelling of the ridge. They also gained much ground that had been taken over by the Germans at the beginning of the war and this battle was also significant because it had the highest amount of prisoners, artillery and land captured.

Question 25

Define and give the significance of Passchendale or third battle of ypres?

Answer 25

Passchendale was a battle that was very muddy and swamp like because of how much rain had come in the months before. it was significant because canadians once again fought together and were VERY successful in taking the ridge and the village near Paschendale. This battle was well known for being very wet and swampy but Canada only resulted in 8000 casualties compared to the combined 500,000 of Britain and Germany.

Question 26

Define and give the significance of War Effort?

Answer 26

The war effort was what people at home could do to help loved ones overseas. This included growing food, supplying food and clothes, donating, working in factories, etc. It was significant because it alllowed for the war to continue. Without the war effort, Canada would not be able to support itself or help any of its allies which could have led to them losing the war.

Question 27

Define and give the significance of Profiteering?

Answer 27

Profiteering is when somebody makes a profit unethically or unlawfully meaning they do it at the expense of others. This is significant becauseprofiteering allowed for big companies to charge extra for basic everyday needs which sent familie into poverty.

Question 28

Define and give the significance of a Victory Bond?

Answer 28

A victoryb bond is a deposit which was paid to the government during war time and was given back to you when the war was won with interest. It was significant because without it, te government would not have had enough money to pay for all the things nessecary for war and its consequences putting the country into further debt.

Question 29

Define and give the significance of Women at war

Answer 29

Women at war were women who were contributing to the war effort by serving as nurses overseas, working in factories, working on farms or helping to supply and donate other items for soldiers. They were significant because without the men at home, women had to take on their roles and support their own family at the same time. Without the women stepping up to do “a man’s job” Canada’s economy would have collasped.

Question 30

Define and give the significance of Women’s Sufferage

Answer 30

Women’s suffrage is when women weren’t allowed to vote just because they were women. This is significant because women not having the right to vote drove them to show their importance while the men were at war and they eventually got their right to vote, supported the war, and proved that they were capable of the same things as men are.

Question 31

Define and give the significance of Propaganda

Answer 31

Propaganda is a specific type of message presentation aimed at spreading a certain point of view. It is significant because governments often used it to get their citizens to support their troops ad the war effort. This often created unrealistic images of the opponents in the minds of the citizens to mostly pull out feelings of fear and guilt.

Question 32

Define and give the significance of conscription?

Answer 32

Conscription is the compulsory military service to a country. Conscription brought many men into the armed forces because they had to fight if they were able to and they didnt really have much of a choice. Conscription is significant because it is how the military was backed up and how they were able to keep fighting. Many men were killed and without conscription, more men may not have enlisted to take their place. This would mean a loss in numbers, more losses of battles and the eventual loss of war.

Question 33

Define and give the significance of the Military Voters Act?

Answer 33

The Military Voters Act was an act passed by the government which allowed soldiers overseas and any British person in the armed forces to vote in their elections back home. This is significant because they passed this act before the election for conscription occurred which allowed for the soldiers, who wanted more men to back them up, to have a vote on whether more men should be forced to go to war. This resulted in a victory for conscription so more men were sent overseas to help in the war effort.

Question 34

Define and give the significance of the War Time Election Act?

Answer 34

The War Time Election Act was an act passed by the government which allowed all WOMEN with relatives serving in the war to vote. This is significant because this act was introduced right before the vote for conscription took place so all the women wanted their loved ones to return home safely and the best way to increase their chances was to send more men over to support them. This resulted in the most votes for conscription because many women voted for it to potentially get their loved ones home. They believed that is more troops were sent over, the faster the war would be won and they could all return home.

Question 35

Define and give the significance of the Military Service Act?

Answer 35

The Military Service act was an act that sent all able bodied men ages 18-45 overseas to serve in war unless you were a strong objector, were working in jobs that were essential to war, or were working in a job that was necessary and required high qualifications. But, if you were an objector and did not go to war, you were also not allowed to vote. This is significant becasuse this also added votes to the side for conscription because if you were against war and were not going overseas, you were not allowed to vote and anybody else who were able to vote were mainly people with family oversseas, were working in the war effort, or had another job that was required fr war. The Military Service Act tried to eliminate all voter that would vote against conscription which allowed for conscription to win.

Question 36

Define and give the significance of the Union Government?

Answer 36

The Union Government was a government formed between the Liberals and the Conservatives to work together to win the war with Britain. This was a temporary government that worked together to discuss war topics and make the best decisions for all of Canada during war time. They are significant because they were pushing for conscription and used propaganda to persuade voters into voting for conscription. They also didn’t represent the French population of Quebec very well which made the french feel very isolated and opposed to conscription even when the act was passed. This caused the french to be treated poorly by the rest of Canada leaving the people of Quebec feeling isolated.

Question 37

Define and give the significance of Demobilization?

Answer 37

Demobilization occurred after the armistice was signed to end war. It was the process through which they wrapped up war and started to send their soldiers back home. This is significant because it took them a long time to demobilize and delayed the process of sending soldiers home significantly. Winter also delayed this process because ports were frozen over and it was hard to ship anything or anybody back home since it was so dangerous due to ice.

Question 38

Define and give the significance of the Armistice?

Answer 38

The Armistice was an agreement to end war between the Allies and the Central Powers. It had to be signed by both sides for war to officially be over. It is significant because it was the end to war that everybody was waiting for and it meant that there would soon be peace again, the death tolls would stop climbing and the soldiers could finally come home.

Question 39

Define and give the significance of the Treaty Of Versailles?

Answer 39

The Treaty of Versailles was a treaty created by the Allies for Germany to signed that basically placed all the blame on Germany for war and made them pay for all the damage tat war caused. It is significant because it had to be signed for war to be over or else the Allies would just declare war again but the Germans were very tired of war, didnt have enough money or troops to continue war and their citizens were starting to go into poverty because of war. With the Allies knowing this, they made a treaty with each other which Germany had to agree on to take all the blame for war, pay for it’s damages, down size its military, hand over all ships to Britain, etc. Because most of the demands were extreme, it created an unsettles peace in Europe and set a spark for World War 2.

Question 40

Define and give the significance of the Spanish Flu?

Answer 40

The Spanish flu was an influenza that hit the world at the end of World War one and resulted in about 20 million deaths which was 10 million more deaths than were created by war. It was significant because it made the transition from the battlefield back home very difficult because as soldiers were coming home, they were finding out the damage that had been done at home by the flu. Many soldiers also ended up coming home with the flu and dying or they arrived to a home that was missing some of their family members. Even if they survived the war, they had a very deadly epidemic they needed to face.

Question 41

Define and give the significance of Shell Shock?

Answer 41

Shell Shock was a mental syndrome that soldiers often came home with as a result of being paranoid over the war and being in a war environment for so long. It is significant because shell shock was seen as a cowardly and feminist thing for a soldier to be so they were often looked down on. Shell shock made the transition home extremely hard and painful for soldiers because they often didn’t get any pensions or benefits to help with the fact that they risked their lives and they are mentally injured.

Question 42

*define: Lewis MK1 light machine gun

Answer 42

A light machine gun used by the British army but it jammed often and easily. It was significant because it was the standard machine gun for the British army.

Question 43

*define: 106 fuse

Answer 43

Used for artillery to cut through barbed wire an was very effective because the shell exploded in contact. It was significant because it had been used for a long time.

Question 44

*define: 6” trench mortar with shrapnel shells

Answer 44

It consisted of a 70 lbs she’ll that exploded into thousands of tiny pieces. It performed well and was significant because it stayed in reserve until ww2

Question 45

*define: vickers .303 machine gun mark 1

Answer 45

Used as a standard machine gun which was sturdy but heavy. It was very effective and reliable and was significant because the British used it in both world wars.

Question 46

*define: tanks

Answer 46

They were used to help naval personnel cross enemy defenses in coastal areas. It was very effective and significant because thy were hard to take down and many tanks were created by the allies