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History > Unit 1 Test > Flashcards

Unit 1 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

What congregation settled Plymouth?

A

Scrooby

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2
Q

Who journeyed to China and gave insight about it in his Description of the World?

A

Marco Polo

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3
Q

Who sailed southward along the west coast of Africa and rounded its southern cape, which he optimistically called the Cape of Good Hope?

A

Bartolomeu Dias

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4
Q

Who sailed all the way around Africa to India and later returned with spices worth sixty times the cost of his expedition?

A

Vasco da Gama

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5
Q

Who believed that the shortest route to the east was west and reached america on October 12, 1492?

A

Christopher Columbus

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6
Q

Who realized that Columbus had reached a new land?

He named this land after himself.

A

Amerigo Vespucci

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7
Q

Who reached New Foundland in his search for a passage to China?

A

John Cabot

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8
Q

Who is credited for making a trip around the world in three years?

A

Ferdinand Magellan

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9
Q

What man is known for rebelling against the Roman Catholic church with his ninety five theses and is credited for starting the Protestant Reformation?

A

Martin Luther

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10
Q

The movement that pressed for great changes in the culture of Europe

A

Protestant Reformation

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11
Q

Geneva’s most influential teacher that taught that salvation was God’ work and that sinners needed simply to trust in Christ

A

John Calvin

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12
Q

How did mercantilism affect the age of exploration?

A

It led to national desires to build colonial empires that would serve as both sources of riches and raw materials
Foreign products were more expensive than domestic products

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13
Q

What are some similarities between Indians and Europeans?

A
  1. Shared interest in religion
  2. Experience in farming
  3. lived in villages
  4. conducted trade with other people
  5. social organization
  6. fought wars
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14
Q

What are some similarities among Indian Groups/

A
  1. Darker skin, hair, and eyes
  2. No written language
  3. Deep faith in supernatural
  4. Shamans (medicine men)
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15
Q

Differences between Indians and Europeans

A
  1. ethnic differences
  2. Indians had minimal technology and did not use iron
  3. Europeans had a written language
  4. Architectural styles and building materials
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16
Q

Differences between Indian Groups

A
  1. Different languages
  2. Different houses
  3. Warfare and peaceful way of life
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17
Q

How did the Indian groups get to America?

A

Many historians believe that there was a land bridge, which they call Beringia, which connected the two continents, and that the people walked over it

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18
Q

Who was the first great conquistador?

A

Hernando Cortes

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19
Q

Who commanded an expedition that left Mexico in 1540 to explore what would later be the southwestern US?

A

Francisco de Coronado

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20
Q

Who sailed up the east coast of the Florida peninsula and landed near modern day St. Augustine, claimimg it for Spain?

A

Juan Ponce de Leon

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21
Q

What Spanish explorer discovered the Mississippi River?

A

Hernando de Soto

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22
Q

What famous Sea dog under Elizabeth 1 helped England destroy the Spanish ship the Spanish Armada in 1588?

A

Sir Francis Drake (and his cousin Sir John Hawkins)

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23
Q

Why was the defeat of the Spanish Armada so providential?

A

It allowed England to secure the future for Protestants
Stopped Catholicism from ruling in the Americas
And spelled the end of the Spanish century and the beginning to English dominance

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24
Q

Who sponsored a trip to Roanoke Island?

A

Sir Walter Raleigh

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25
Q

What colony is known as the lost colony?

Has anything been determined as to what happened to the people?

A

Roanoke Colony

No

26
Q

Where did the French settle in the New World and what did they call it?

A

Canada (they called it “New France)

27
Q

Who discovered and claimed New York for the Dutch?

A

Henry Hudson

28
Q

What did the Dutch call New York?

What was the capital?

A

New Netherland

New Amsterdam

29
Q

Who was the most famous governor of New York?

A

Peter Stuyvesant

30
Q

the name given to a small colony along the Delaware River in parts of what today is Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania.

A

New Sweden

31
Q

Who was the first governor of New Sweden?

A

Peter Minuit

32
Q

What provided a means whereby enterprises could obtain large monetary resources and remain free from the government control that accompanied government-sponsored projects.

A

Joint-stock companies

33
Q

What two companies were granted charters by King James 1 permitting them to colonize in Virginia?

A

London Company and the Plymouth Company

34
Q

What was the first permanent English settlement in the New World?

A

Jamestown

35
Q

Who ordered war parties to attack the colony? Not until 1614, with the marriage of his daughter Pocahontas (poh kuh HAHN tus) to the Englishman John Rolfe, did a shaky peace come to the area

A

Powhatan

36
Q

Who improvised relations with Powhatan’s men and enforced the biblical principle of 2 Thessalonians 3:10—that everyone should earn his livelihood through diligent work.

A

Captain John Smith

37
Q

What was the severest trial the Jamestown colonists ever faced because death by starvation became a way of life? Roughly 90 percent of the colony died during that terrible winter.

A

The “starving time”

38
Q

The representative assembly that was an advisory and legislative body and the first self-governing assembly in the New World

A

House of Burgesses

39
Q

Name and define the three categories of colonial government.

A

○ charter colony was specifically one governed by a trade company (such as the Virginia Company) that received its authorization from the king
○ proprietary arrangement, the king appointed a proprietor or proprietors (ultimately responsible to the king) to govern a colony.
○ Royal colonies were controlled directly by the crown, which meant that the king and his councilors appointed the governor directly.

40
Q

What colonies were considered to be New England colonies?

A

Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Connecticut

41
Q

Who were the first settlers in the New England colonies?

A

Pilgrims (arrived on the Mayflower)

42
Q

a group of Anglicans who wanted to purify the state church from within by pushing for reforms that would rid England of Romanist influences and bring greater spiritual vitality to the nation

A

Puritans

43
Q

They believed that each local congregation should be independent of all other churches, free to worship and serve God without interference.
Wanted to separate from the church

A

Separatists

44
Q

Who sailed from Holland on the Speedwell and was the leader and governor of the Pilgrims while they were at The Plymouth colony.
Wrote Of Plymouth Plantation.

A

William Bradford

45
Q

What was the first document of self-government the of its kind in America

A

Mayflower Compact

46
Q

fifty thousand settlers sailed from England to various colonies in America and the West Indies during the 1630s

A

The Great Migration

47
Q

The driving force behind the Puritan colony and its government

A

John Winthrop

48
Q

(legally binding relationship)

A

Covenant

49
Q

established near Boston to train young men for the ministry

A

Harvard College

50
Q

Who moved three congregations under his leadership into the Connecticut River Valley

A

Thomas Hooker

51
Q

This document, which has been called the first written constitution in America, established a framework for representative self-government in Connecticut.

A

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

52
Q

Who was a key figure in the development of the modern conception of religious liberty.

A

Roger Williams

53
Q

Another leading dissident that fled to Rhode Island because of her belief in antinomianism

A

Anne Hutchinson

54
Q

What belief teaches that outward obedience to the Scriptures was unnecessary to demonstrate an inward relationship to God

A

Antinomianism

55
Q

What colonies consist of the Middle Colonies

A

New York
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
Delaware

56
Q

What unique system of settlement was established by the Dutch of New Netherland?

A

Patroon system

57
Q

Was granted land in the new world by the king because the king owed his father a debt

A

William Penn

58
Q

What colonies make up the Southern Colonies?

A 
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
59
Q

Who was the proprietor of the first group that arrived in Maryland in 1634 led by Leonard and George Calvert.

A

Cecilius Calvert, Lord Baltimore.

60
Q

To give liberty to the Catholics and still attract Protestant settlers, the colony’s leaders established religious acceptance through this.
Provided that no one professing a belief in Christ should be troubled in the free exercise of his religion.

A

Toleration Act of 1649

61
Q

Who was the Earl of Shaftesbury in the Carolinas?

A

Sir Anthony Ashley-Cooper

62
Q

A reform-minded general that determined to build a colony that would provide rehabilitation through opportunity and hard work.

A

James Oglethorpe

History (11 decks)

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