Unit 1 Test Flashcards
What did Confucius try to explain?
He stressed the power of ideas and an educated mind
What did Buddha try to explain?
How sensations and perceptions combine to form idea
What did ancient Hebrew scholars try to explain?
They tried to link mind and emotions to the body
What did Socrates and Plato believe?
Knowledge is born within us
What did Aristotle believe?
Knowledge grow with experience
What did John Locke believe?
At birth the mind is blank and you learn things with experience
Wilhelm Wundt did what?
Created the psychology lab at the University of Leipzig
Wundts first experiment was what?
Measured the time lag between people’s hearing and their reactions (reaction time)
The first 3 schools of thought were?
Structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism
Titchener introduced what school of thought?
Structuralism
Tabula rasa
Blank slate
Introspection
Looking inward or self-reflection
What is the issue with introspection and structuralism?
People are biased towards themselves
William James connected human thinking and Darwin’s theory how?
Thinking is adaptive and was developed because it was necessary for our ancestors survival
What kind of psychologist was James?
Functionalist
What controversial thing did James do as a teacher?
He taught a female student (Mary Caulkins)
Who was Mary Calkins?
The first female psych student, wasn’t awarded a phD, became the first female APA president
Who was Margaret Floy Washburn?
She earned the first female phD in psych
William James published the first psych book titled what?
Principles of Psychology
Psychology developed from what feilds?
Philosophy and biology
Until the 1920’s how was psych defined?
The science of mental life
Behaviorists changed the definition of psych to?
The study of observable behaviors
Behaviorists believe?
Psychology should be based on observation because you can observe people’s reactions but not their mental processes
Cognitive psychology explores
The ways we perceive, process, and remember info
The current definition of psychology is
The science if behavior and mental processes
What is behavior?
Anything an organism does
What are mental processes?
Internal subjective experiences we infer from behavior like sensations, dreams, and perceptions
What is psychology’s biggest question?
Nature vs. Nurture
On the nature- nurture issue Plato believed in?
Nature
On the nature-nurture issue Aristotle believed?
Nurture
Biological psychologists explore?
The links between our brain and our mind
Social psychologists explore?
How humans view and affect one another
