Unit 1 test Flashcards
List all the main characteristics of life
1) Composed of cells
-(common unit of life)
2) Display organization, structures have specific functions from Adams to organ systems
3) Energy processing ( metabolism)
- need a constant supply of energy an example is the sun is an energy source for plants (autotrophs) in some organisms (heterotrophs) need food or energy in a different way
4) Growth and Development
- increase in size and change shape or form adding cells
5) Reproduction
- produces offspring similar to themselves which is required for survival
6) Response to environmental stimuli
- Can respond to stimuli in the environment, for example heat, touch and light can be examples of external stimuli or internal responses to a predator or prey
7) Regulation (homeostasis)
- Keep internal conditions stable if not, death may occur, homeostasis keeps our temp from rising
8) Evolutionary adaption
- Inherit changes overtime to help species survive past from parent to offspring
Who saw the first cell?
Robert Hooke
Who viewed the first living cell
Felix Dujardin
Who proposed all plants are made of cells and all tissues are made up of cells
Matthias Schleiden
Who proposed all animals are made up of cells and cells are the basis of life
Theodor Schwann
Who claim cells can only come from other cells
Rudolf Virchow
three statements that make up the cell theory
1) Cells the basis of life
- Cells are the smallest units to carry out all characteristics of life
- Basic building blocks of multicellular organisms
2) all organisms are composed of cells of the product of cells
3) all cells from her other cells through the process of cell division (mitosis)
4 statements to the modern cell theory
1) cells contain hereditary information or DNA passed from cell to cell during cell division
2) all cells are basically the same in chemical composition and metabolic activity
3) all basic and physiological functions like movement and digestion are carried out inside cell
4) cell activity depends on subcellular structures within the cell (organelles, nucleus, and membrane)
what are the two types of cells and what do they do?
1) Prokaryote
- No nucleus
- most primitive
- hereditary material are not surrounded by outer membrane
- hereditary material is not organized into chromosomes
- Example: bacteria blue – green algae (only algae without a nucleus)
2) Eukaryotes
- Well defined nuclei surrounded by a special membrane (nuclear membrane)
- complex chromosomes and a variety of specialized structure
- eukaryotic cells are usually larger than prokaryotic cells
what are the two of the electron microscopes and what type of images do they display?
What are the four main differences between scientific and indigenous perspectives of life?
Increase culture what is the difference between animite and inanimate?
According to the characteristics of life are viruses alive explain
No, viruses are not live based on the eight characteristics of life because they depend on a host cell to reproduce. They adapt to an environment, but can only survive when latched upon a host so
define abiogenesis
Define biogenesis
What did Aristotle believe? What observations did he make to support abiogenesis?
describe in detail Francesco Redi’s experiment with jars of meat
he used multiple jars of meat. Jar number one was open number two had a closed lid. He left this sit out for a few days and came back to realize that maggots had appeared on the open jar, but not the closed one. People assumed that spontaneous generation had to happen with air as a key component so he created a second experiment. Experiment to consisted of three jars of meat, two of the same from the first experiment, but the third one had a cloth netting over the top letting air flow through. The same things happen to both the first two jars, but the third one had maggot eggs on top instead of on the Meat and came out hot and smelly.
describe in detail, Louis Pastuer’s experiment with the broth and swan neck flasks
He took the swan neck, flask, and boiled broth inside of it for an hour and left it to cool. One cool there were no microorganisms in the broth, but we’re caught in the curve of the flask. busted spontaneous generation (pasteurization)
describe the experiment that Stanley Miller and Harold Urey performed
what was the theory of Lynn Margulis?
What technology has changed our understanding of the world and how has it changed our understanding of the world?
