Unit 1 Test

Question 1

The weighted average of naturally-occurring isotopes

Answer 1

Atomic Mass

Question 2

The number of protons in one atom is…

Answer 2

The atomic number

Question 3

The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in one atom is

Answer 3

The mass number

Question 4

All isotopes have the same number of _____

Answer 4

Protons

Question 5

Isotopes of the family of an element have can have different _________

Answer 5

Neutrons

Question 6

What is the mass of a neutron?

Answer 6

1

Question 7

what is the mass of an electron?

Answer 7

0

Question 8

What is the mass of a proton?

Answer 8

1

Question 9

How do you determine if a nuclei is radioactive?

Answer 9

N/P ratio- if its greater or less that one then it tries to stabilize by emitting a particle

Question 10

What element and isotope is used for carbon dating

Answer 10

Carbon-14

Question 11

Elements in a period have similar _______

Answer 11

numbers of atomic orbitals (location & wave-like behavior of an electron in an atom)

Question 12

Elements in a group have similar ___________

Answer 12

chemical reactivity

Question 13

In what group are the alkali metals?

Answer 13

Group 1

Question 14

What group represents the alkaline earth metals

Answer 14

Group 2

Question 15

What groups are the transition metals a part of?

Answer 15

Groups 3-12

Question 16

What group represents the Halogens?

Answer 16

Group 17

Question 17

What group represents the Noble gasses?

Answer 17

Group 18

Question 18

What are the metalloids?

Answer 18

• Si (silicon)
• Ge (Germanium)
• B (Boron)
• As (Arsenic)
• Sb (Antimony)
• Te (tellurium)
• Po (Polonium)
• At (Astatine)

Question 19

What does Nuclear fusion require?

Answer 19

• Large amounts of ENERGY through HIGH TEMPERATURES

Question 20

What is Radioactive decay?

Answer 20

When a nucleus spontaneously DECOMPOSES
- releases either:
-alpha
- beta
- gamma radiation

Question 21

What is beta decay?

Answer 21

When a neutron is changed into a proton because the neutron-to-proton ratio is too high

Question 22

What is required for maintaining a self-sustaining NUCLEAR FISSION reaction?

Answer 22

Neutrons (after being spat out from atom)

Question 23

What is the majority of a atom made up of?

Answer 23

Empty space

Question 24

Who discovered the electron?

Answer 24

J.J Thompson

Question 25

Who did the gold foil experiment?

Answer 25

Ernest Rutherford

Question 26

Who discovered the nucleus of the atom

Answer 26

Ernest Rutherford

Question 27

Who conducted the Cathode ray experiment?

Answer 27

J.J. Thompson

Question 28

What did the Cathode ray experiment lead to?

Answer 28

The discovery of the electron by J.J. Thompson

Question 29

John Dalton's Atomic Theory?

Answer 29

- Atoms of a **given** element are identical - During a chemical reaction, atoms are **not** created

Question 30

What are the properties of most non-metals?

Answer 30

Brittle poor conductors mostly gasses

Question 31

Semi-conductors & have properties of both metals and non-metals

Answer 31

Metalloids

Question 32

Groups/columns have similar _______

Answer 32

Properties

Question 33

Groups are numbered _______

Answer 33

1-18

Question 34

Periods/rows are numbered

Answer 34

1-7

Question 35

Periods have the same _______

Answer 35

number of occupied energy levels

Question 36

What period do lanthanides belong to?

Answer 36

6

Question 37

What period do actinides belong to ?

Answer 37

7

Question 38

Group name of group 1

Answer 38

alkali metals

Question 39

Group name of group 2

Answer 39

Alkaline Earth Metals

Question 40

Atoms with unstable nucleus - emits particles or radiation to become stable

Answer 40

Radioactive

Question 41

What are the radioactive elements?

Answer 41

All elements with atomic number of 83 and higher

Question 42

Who was the first person to think about an atoms existence?

Answer 42

Democritus (400 B.C)

Question 43

Who was this? "All elements are composed of invisible particles called atoms"

Answer 43

John Dalton's postulates

Question 44

"atoms of the same element are identical"

Answer 44

John Dalton's postulates

Question 45

"Atoms of different elements mix or combine in whole number ratios"

Answer 45

John Daltons Postulates

Question 46

"Chemical reactions occur when atoms separate, join,or rearrange"

Answer 46

John Daltons Postulates

Question 47

"You can't change an element into another"

Answer 47

John Dalton's Postulates

Question 48

"Particles must have a negative charge"

Answer 48

J.J Thompson

Question 49

"Plum pudding model"

Answer 49

J.J. Thompson

Question 50

"the atom is made of mostly empty space"

Answer 50

Gold Foil experiment - Rutherford

Question 51

Who discovered the proton?

Answer 51

Eugene Goldstein

Question 52

Who discovered the neutron?

Answer 52

James Chadwick

Question 53

Which part of Dalton's postulate isnt correct?

Answer 53

- atoms are divisible - not all atoms of the same element are identical

Question 54

Which part of Daltons theory isnt correct

Answer 54

- atoms are divisible - not all atoms are identical

Question 55

The number of protons will change because of ________

Answer 55

Transmutation

Question 56

The number of _______ will never change for an element

Answer 56

Protons

Question 57

P + N = ______

Answer 57

Mass Number

Question 58

Mass number is always a ________ _______

Answer 58

whole number

Question 59

Mass number - Atomic number = _________

Answer 59

Neutrons

Question 60

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Answer 60

Isotopes

Question 61

Chemically alike, different mass numbers

Answer 61

Isotopes

Question 62

opposite charges attract, like charges repel neutrons buffer between protons strong nuclear for keeps nucleus together

Answer 62

Law of Electric Charge

Question 63

Atom(s) that have a positive or negative charge

Answer 63

Ions

Question 64

Forms when an atom gains or loses electrons

Answer 64

Ions

Question 65

Metals lose electrons to become _______

Answer 65

Cations (+)

Question 66

Metals gain electrons to become

Answer 66

Anions (-)

Question 67

Name ending with"ide"

Answer 67

Anion (-)

Question 68

1/2 the mass of Carbon-12 atom

Answer 68

AMUs (Atomic Mass units)

Question 69

How do you find the **average**atomic mass?

Answer 69

- number of stable isotopes - mass of each isotope - natural % abundance of

Question 70

In chemical reactions, atoms attain a stable configuration by losing or sharing __________

Answer 70

electrons

Question 71

In nuclear reactions the _____ of an unstable isotopes gains stability by undergoing changes

Answer 71

Neutrons

Question 72

not affected by changes in: - temperature - presence of catalysts - pressure

Answer 72

Nuclear reactions

Question 73

affected by changes in: - temperature - presence of catalysts - pressure

Answer 73

Chemical reactions

Question 74

Alpha Radiation

Answer 74

Consists of HELIUM nuclei that has been emitted from a radioactive source

Question 75

Alpha decay has:

Answer 75

2 PROTONS 2 NEUTRON Positive charge of 2

Question 76

A high energy photon:

Answer 76

Gamma Radiation

Question 77

Has no mass/charge

Answer 77

Gamma Radiation

Question 78

extremely penetrating

Answer 78

Gamma Radiation

Question 79

easily passes through human body

Answer 79

Gamma Radiation

Question 80

Can be stopped by lead

Answer 80

Gamma Radiation

Question 81

Can be stopped by paper or skin

Answer 81

Alpha Radiation

Question 82

Can be stopped by foil or wood

Answer 82

Beta Radiation

Question 83

Less mass than alpha particle

Answer 83

Beta particle