Unit 1 Test

Question 1

Chemical Bond

Answer 1

Interaction
between valence electrons of atoms

Question 2

Ionic bond

Answer 2

Formed by electrostatic attraction of positive and negative ions, between a metal and a non metal

Question 3

Covalent bond

Answer 3

Two non-metals share electrons

Question 4

Isotope

Answer 4

Atom with a different number of neutrons than others in the element

Question 5

Neutrons =

Answer 5

atomic mass - protons

Question 6

Average Atomic Mass

Answer 6

(atomic mass x percent abundance)

Question 7

Adding sig figs

Answer 7

Round answer to least number of decimal places

Question 8

Multiplying and dividing with sig figs

Answer 8

Round answer to the least number of sig figs being multiplied/divided

Question 9

All non-zero numbers are…

Answer 9

significant figures

Question 10

Any “between zeroes” eg 704 are…

Answer 10

significant figures

Question 11

“Trailing zeroes” WITHOUT a decimal to the right (eg 500) are…

Answer 11

insignificant

Question 12

“Trailing zeroes” WITH a decimal to the right (500.0) …

Answer 12

are significant figures

Question 13

“Leading zeroes” (eg 0.0098) are…

Answer 13

NEVER significant figures

Question 14

cation formation equation

Answer 14

ldd —> ion + electron(s)

Question 15

anion formation equation

Answer 15

atom + electron(s) —> ion

Question 16

what is scientific notation

Answer 16

shortcut to write really big numbers, written as a product of two factors

Question 17

Converting regular notation to scientific notation

Answer 17

Move the decimal until it’s beside your first number on either side. The of movements is your exponent and the direction it went is the charge

Question 18

scientific notation to regular notation

Answer 18

Move decimal to left or right, depending on charge, the number of times according to the exponent

Question 19

Atomic radius

Answer 19

Measure of the size of an atom.

Question 20

Electron affinity

Answer 20

Energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom

Question 21

Ionization energy

Answer 21

Energy required to remove an electron from an atoms valence shell

Question 22

Electronegativity

Answer 22

How does an atom share electrons when in a bond (equally vs unequally)

Question 23

How does ionic radius differ from atomic radius?

Answer 23

Ions are potentially down an energy level than usual, and therefor have a smaller atomic radius

Question 24

Intermolecular forces

Answer 24

Occur between separate molecules

Question 25

intramolecular forces

Answer 25

occur between elements within the same molecule

Question 26

London dispersion

Answer 26

Occurs in every covalent compound. Temporary attraction between electrons of one atom and protons of another.

Question 27

Dipole-dipole

Answer 27

Occurs between polar covalent compounds. One partial charge is attracted to another in a separate molecule

Question 28

Hydrogen attraction

Answer 28

Special dipole-dipole involving highly electronegative atoms ad hydrogen. Strongest IMF

Question 29

An EN difference 0.4 or less is..

Answer 29

non-polar

Question 30

an EN difference between 0.4 and 1.8 is…

Answer 30

polar

Question 31

an EN difference 1.8 or greater is…

Answer 31

ionic (technically polar)

Question 32

If a molecule has the following shape:

x—x—x

And the central atom has unbonded electrons, what is its shape?

Answer 32

bent (unbonded electrons cause branches to be repulsed)

Question 33

An atom has few shells, ergo, electrons have a strong attraction. Is the shielding effect weak or strong here?

Answer 33

Weaker. A weak shield equals easy attraction

Question 34

An atom has many shells, and the electrons have a weak attraction to the nucleus. Is the shielding effect weak or strong?

Answer 34

strong ( it is a strong barrier)