Unit 1 Test Flashcards
Philo of Alexandria
Major influence on Christians
Obeyed law but believed in deeper allegorical meaning
Diasporan distinctives
Greek Synagogue worship Diet Hand washing Pilgrimages to the Temple on major religious holy days
Options in the wake of temple destruction
Rabbinical Judaism, Christianity
Which Roman emperor renamed Jerusalem the Aelia Capitolina?
Hadrian
Which emperor destroyed the Temple?
Titus
Date of temple destruction
70 AD
Why was Christianity not accepted even though the Roman view of religion was polytheistic?
- Christians stubbornly insist on 1 God
2. A high evangelistic impulse
Parallels between mystery cults and Christianity?
Adherence to mystery religions were voluntary Secretive rites of initiation strong personal emotional components Ritual meal Promise of a happy afterlife
Why were the first 100 years called Jewish Christianity?
- A number of communities who observed Torah perpetuated the Jewish ways of thinking
- Christianity across the board was Jewish in writing, thinking.
Who lead the original Palestinian community?
James
Which community disappeared and possibly went to Pella?
Possibly the Palestinian community led by James
This group had their own gospel in Aramaic, had a different view of the law, lasted until 4th century, from Syria
The Nazarenes
Definition of heresy
Serious and persistent deviation from the teaching of the mainstream church
Bishop of Sardis in Asia Minor. Wrote “On Pascha.” Passover lamb is a preindicator of Christ. Emphasized how the OT pointed to Christ
Melito
Melito’s dates
1st and 2nd centuries
Presbyter in Rome, wrote a call to repentance because they didn’t care about leaders in the church.
Clement
Wrote from Antioch, 7 letters to various churches. Was concerned with heresy. The first write to give evidence of a 3 tiered ministry model.
Ignatius of Antioch
The name for groups who downplay Christ’s divinity and have an emphasis on law keeping.
Judaizers
Why did the Romans even punish Christians in the 1st century?
The rapid growth of Christianity was bad for the state (religion kept order and was thought to bring prosperity.
A martyrdom account from Gaul, sent in a letter to Asia Minor. 100 years after polycarp.
The Martyrs of Lyons
Martyrdom account, written by many authors, probably in Latin about a martyrdom in Carthage. Written partly by a woman.
The Martyrdom of Perpetua and Felicitas
Blandina
Martyr from The Martyrs of Lyons who appeared as Christ to her captors
Date of Perpetua and Felicitas’s martyrdom
The Holy Spirit still works and inspires men and women in 203 just as he did in 33
Meaning of martyr
Witness
Codex Sinaiticus
Earliest text of the New Testament
Early 2nd century text regarded to be authoritative in Egypt. Said that god called off his cvt with the Jews and that it’s not to be taken literally. Basically a non-Pauline version of Christianity
The Epistle of Barnabas
Church Fathers dates
100-700
These two authors wrote on the Problem of the Law
Justin Martyr, author of Barnabas
Presbyter in Rome, wrote a call to repentance because they didn’t care about leaders in the church.
Clement
Wrote from Antioch, 7 letters to various churches. Was concerned with heresy. The first write to give evidence of a 3 tiered ministry model.
Ignatius of Antioch
The name for groups who downplay Christ’s divinity and have an emphasis on law keeping.
Judaizers
Why did the Romans even punish Christians in the 1st century?
The rapid growth of Christianity was bad for the state (religion kept order and was thought to bring prosperity.
A martyrdom account from Gaul, sent in a letter to Asia Minor. 100 years after polycarp.
The Martyrs of Lyons
Martyrdom account, written by many authors, probably in Latin about a martyrdom in Carthage. Written partly by a woman.
The Martyrdom of Perpetua and Felicitas
Blandina
Martyr from The Martyrs of Lyons who appeared as Christ to her captors
Date of Perpetua and Felicitas’s martyrdom
The Holy Spirit still works and inspires men and women in 203 just as he did in 33
Meaning of martyr
Witness
Codex Sinaiticus
Earliest text of the New Testament
Early 2nd century text regarded to be authoritative in Egypt. Said that god called off his cvt with the Jews and that it’s not to be taken literally. Basically a non-Pauline version of Christianity
The Epistle of Barnabas
Church Fathers dates
100-700
These two authors wrote on the Problem of the Law
Justin Martyr, author of Barnabas
First to try to spilt the law into binding/non binding
Justin Martyr
Believed that circumcision marked the Jews for damnation
Justin Martyr
Name for the group from the first 2 centuries who gave a defense on 2 grounds for Christianity
The Apologists
Two levels of reality, talked quite a bit about God and plurality within God, held doctrine of immortality
Platonism
Founded by Xeno, god is the Logos or rationality that holds the universe together. Ethics and intentionality in living
Stoicism
Ethical and metaphysical influences to Christianity
Stoics, Platonists
Book of church order date
235
Hippolytus of Rome
Book of church order
Heretic in Rome but from Egypt, a contemporary of Justin. Founder of the most worrying Gnostic group
Valentinus
Why were the Marcionites not Gnostic?
Didn’t like the creation myths. Didn’t want to keep the Old Teatament
Father of Latin Theology
Turtullian
Was Tertullian after or before Irenaeus?
After by 1 generation
Who wrote Against Heresies?
Irenaeus
Who came up with the 2 words to describe the trinity : persona and substansia?
Tertullian
What is Modalism?
The belief that God is 1 and that the spirit and son are “arms” of the father.
Who wrote Against Praxius and what was it about?
Tertullian and it was a rebuttal to Modalism. In it he uses the words persona and substansia.
Who wrote On Idolatry and what was its substance?
Tertullian. He was concerned that people were not being faithful to their baptismal vows. Talked about occupations that were incompatible with Christianity.
Ascetic
Disciplining self and shunning even non sinful pleasures
Confessor
Someone who suffers for the faith but does not die
The first Christian Biblical Scholar
Origen
First to write a commentary
Origen
Came up with the word hypostases
Origen
Explain eternal regeneration and the problems that come from it
Eternal Generation: from all eternity, the father is continually and without ceasing bringing forth the son. The problem is that the son tends to be subordinated to the father.
What did Origen believe about God’s punishment?
He believed that Gods punishment was always remedial and not punative.
Explain Origen’s view of the word “apokatasasis”
Greek word, means “universal restoration of all things.” Believed that God had wrath and did punish but that his punishment is remedial.
Explain Origen’s threefold view of scripture.
Scripture has 3 parts – body, soul and spirit. The body is the literal meaning, the soul is morality and the spirit is alligorical or symbolic.
Justin’s view of persecution
Persecution is because of demons. Quoted 2nd Enoch, believed that demons created polytheistic religion. Believed that the demons persecuted because Christians live according to reason.
