Unit 1 Test Flashcards
lacemops
latitude, air masses, continentality, elevation, mountain barrier, ocean currents, pressure cell, storm tracks
always warm (average temp around 80) almost daily rain (more than 80 in annually)
around equator
tropical wet
rainy summers and dry winters
less rain than tropical wet
range from tropic of cancer to tropic of capricorn
tropical wet and dry
about 16 in of rain annually
hot summers
mild-cold winters
rich agriculture field
like, all over
semiarid
long summers
hot, humid
subject to hurricanes in late summer/fall
mild/cool winters
near tropics
humid subtropical
great variety in temp and precipitation
four distinct seasons; length determined by specific area’s latitude
between 30-60 degrees n
humid continental
evergreen forests called taiga
huge temp variations between summer and winter
short and cool summers
really cold winters
arctic circle
subarctic
less than 10 inches of precipitation
hot ones usually aren’t humid; hot days and cool nights
cold ones have warm days and cold-below freezing nights
near tropics and equater
desert
hot and dry summers
cool and rainy winters
dense population
rich in agriculture
just above tropic of cancer
mediterranean
cloudy, foggy, damp
even precipitation all year
industrial regions may have smog
north of tropic of cancer and south of tropic of capricorn
marine west coast
flat, bare, treeless
exclusively located in the northern hemisphere
little precipitation; less that 15 in yearly
permafrost
extremely short summers
arctic circle
tundra
snow, ice
permanently freezing temperatures
so cold it rarely snows; ‘polar deserts’
greenland and antarctica
ice cap
climate varies based on latitude, elevation, and other topography and continental location
in mtn areas, depends on direction slope is facing and whether oncoming winds contain moisture
near tropics
highlands
map that shows data by distorting sizes
cartogram
2d representation of a 3d map
projection map
accurate idea of sizing and proportions
advantages of a globe
too small to give enough info
out of date
political and physical features only
can’t see everything at once
disadvantages of a globe
different types of information
not as bulky
can see everything at once
advantages of projection map
distorted
size, shapes, and proportions aren’t accurate
disadvantages of projection maps
ie planar, conical, cylindrical/compromise
exapmles of projection maps
GIS
geographic information system
organizes geographic info in one place
layer thematic maps
GPS
global positioning system
uses info from satellites to pinpoint an exact location
atmosphere
layer of gases that surround earth
litoshpere
upper part of mantle and crust
tectonic activity
hydroshpere
all water on/in/above earth
biosphere
sphere in which all living things live and interact
continental drift theory
all continents were once one super continent pangaea and drifted apart over a span of millions of years to where they are now
divergent
divide
rift valley
convergent
collide
mountain
transform
slide
earthquake
weathered rock, hummus, air, and water
fertility depends on how much of each ^
important because it determines that kind of ecosystem
soil
specific ecosystem of a region
biome
four types of biome
forest; deciduous and coniferous
grassland; savanna and steppe
desert; less than 10 in of precipitation
tundra; less than 15 in of precipitaiton, permafrost
short term
day to day condition
weather
average of conditions throughout a longerr period of time
climate
most important factor in determining climate
latitude
hot all year
consistently warm with little variation
tropics
varies
“mid-latitude”
four seasons
green belt
middle latitude
cold all year
“frigid zone”
polar
air mass formed over water
maritime
air mass formed over land
continental
how close/far a region is from the ocean
the further away the greater the variation in air masses
continentality
higher = colder lower = warmer
elevation
lush, green side of mountain barrier
receives precipitation
windward side
dry, dead side of mountain barrier
^ keeps this side from receiving rain
leeward side
orthographic effect
wet on one side, dry on the other
mountain barrier
temperature of it regulates the temperature (warmer current = warmer temp and vice versa)
ocean current
low pressure: cold and wet, usually stormy
high pressure: hot and dry
pressure cell
how likely a place is to receive extreme weather
storm tracks
graphs overall climate for a year
temp- line
precipitation- bars
climate graph
