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Biology Grade 11 > Unit 1 Terms > Flashcards

Unit 1 Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Absorption

A

“When the body absorbs nutrients from fats, proteins, and carbs into the blood”

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2
Q

When the body absorbs nutrients from fats, proteins, and carbs into the blood is called?

A

“Absorption”

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3
Q

Amino Acids

A

“Made of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They help your body grow and function. (There are 20)”

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4
Q

What is something made of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen? (They help your body grow and function, there are 20)

A

“Amino Acids”

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5
Q

Anabolic Reaction

A

“When smaller molecules join to form larger ones. Such as fatty acids to form Triglycerides or amino acids to form protein”

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6
Q

When smaller molecules join to form larger ones. Such as fatty acids to form Triglycerides or amino acids to form a protein is called?

A

“Anabolic Reaction”

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7
Q

Anal Sphincter

A

“A group of muscles at the end of the rectum that controls the release of a stool”

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8
Q

What is a group of muscles at the end of the rectum that controls the release of a stool?

A

“Anal Sphincter”

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9
Q

Anus

A

“The opening at the end of the alimentary canal, which waste passes through”

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10
Q

What is the opening at the end of the alimentary canal, which waste passes through?

A

“Anus”

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11
Q

Appendix

A

“A tube-shaped sac located at the lower end of the large intestine which has no use”

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12
Q

What is A tube-shaped sac located at the lower end of the large intestine which has no use?

A

“Appendix”

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13
Q

4 Parts of the large intestine? (In Order)

A
  1. Ascending Colon
  2. Transverse Colon
  3. Descending Colon
  4. Sigmoid Colon
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14
Q

What are these?

  1. Ascending Colon
  2. Transverse Colon
  3. Descending Colon
  4. Sigmoid Colon
A

The 4 Parts if the large intestine

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15
Q

Bile

A

“It helps the digestion and absorption of fats”

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16
Q

What helps the digestion and absorption of fats?

A

“Bile”

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17
Q

Bile Duct

A

“Series of tubes that move bile from the liver to the small intestine”

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18
Q

What is a series of tubes that move bile from the liver to the small intestine?

A

“Bile Duct”

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19
Q

Canines

A

“Sharp teeth that are used to grip and tear food”

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20
Q

Sharp teeth that are used to grip and tear food

A

“Canines”

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21
Q

Capillaries

A

“Very ting blood vessels that help connect your arteries”

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22
Q

What are very ting blood vessels that help connect your arteries?

A

“Capillaries”

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23
Q

Carbohydrates

A

“Sugars, starches and fibres found in fruits, grains, vegetables and milk products”

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24
Q

Sugars, starches, and fibers found in fruits, grains, vegetables, and milk products

A

“Carbohydrates”

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25
Q

Cardiac Sphincter

A

“It prevents acid from moving upward out of the stomach”

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26
Q

It prevents acid from moving upward out of the stomach”

A

“Cardiac Sphincter”

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27
Q

Catabolic Reactions

A

“When larger molecules are broken down to smaller ones. Example, protein breaks down to amino acids or fats to triglycerides”

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28
Q

When larger molecules are broken down to smaller ones. Example, protein breaks down to amino acids or fats to triglycerides

A

“Catabolic Reactions”

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29
Q

Chemical Digestion

A

“Digestion in which molecules are broken down; changes state and a reaction is formed”

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30
Q

Digestion in which molecules are broken down; changes state and a reaction is formed

A

“Chemical Digestion “

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31
Q

Disaccharide

A

“When two sugar molecules are joined (sucrose, lactose, or maltose) and water is removed”

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32
Q

When two sugar molecules are joined (sucrose, lactose, or maltose) and water is removed

A

“Disaccharide”

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33
Q

3 Parts of the small intestine? (In Order)

A
  1. Duodenum
  2. Jejunum
  3. ileum
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34
Q

What are these?

  1. Duodenum
  2. Jejunum
  3. ileum
A

The 3 parts of the small intestine

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35
Q

Emulsification

A

“The break down of large to small fat molecules with the help of bile”

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36
Q

The break down of large to small fat molecules with the help of bile

A

“Emulsification”

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37
Q

Epiglottis

A

“It’s a flap of cartilage that seals off the windpipe during eating”

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38
Q

It’s a flap of cartilage that seals off the windpipe during eating

A

“Epiglottis”

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39
Q

Esophagus

A

“The long tube that connects the mouth to the stomach which pushes down food with involuntary muscles”

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40
Q

The long tube that connects the mouth to the stomach which pushes down food with involuntary muscles

A

“Esophagus”

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41
Q

Fatty Acid

A

“Fats that have been broken down that can be used for the bloodstream”

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42
Q

Fats that have been broken down that can be used for the bloodstream

A

“Fatty Acid”

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43
Q

GallBladder

A

“The pouch that stores bile”

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44
Q

The pouch that stores bile

A

“GallBladder”

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45
Q

Glucose

A

“It’s a simple sugar that’s also the main energy source found in Carbs”

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46
Q

It’s a simple sugar that’s also the main energy source found in Carbs

A

“Glucose”

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47
Q

Glycerol

A

“A colourless, orderless. liquid with a sweet taste”

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48
Q

A colourless, orderless. liquid with a sweet taste

A

“Glycerol”

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49
Q

HCI (Hydrochloric Acid)

A

“Helps pepsin break down protein”

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50
Q

Helps pepsin break down protein

A

“HCI (Hydrochloric Acid”

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51
Q

Ileocecal Sphincter

A

“Its the valve that allows food to pass through the small to the large intestine’

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52
Q

It’s the valve that allows food to pass through the small to the large intestine

A

“Ileocecal Sphincter”

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53
Q

Incisors

A

“The narrow-edge tooth at the front of your mouth to bite into things”

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54
Q

The narrow-edge tooth at the front of your mouth to bite into things

A

“Incisors”

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55
Q

Ingestion

A

“The process of taking food, drink, or another substance into the body by swallowing or absorbing it”

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56
Q

The process of taking food, drink, or another substance into the body by swallowing or absorbing it

A

“Ingestion”

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57
Q

Lactase

A

“An enzyme in the small intestine that breaks down lactose. (A sugar in milk)”

58
Q

An enzyme in the small intestine that breaks down lactose. (A sugar in milk)

A

“Lactase”

59
Q

Lipase

A

“Enzyme produced in the pancreas and in the mouth and stomach which breaks down fats”

60
Q

An enzyme produced in the pancreas and in the mouth and stomach which breaks down fats

A

“Lipase”

61
Q

Lipids

A

“Store energy in the cell membrane”

62
Q

Store energy in the cell membrane

A

“Lipids”

63
Q

Liver

A

“filters the blood, and secretes bile”

64
Q

Filters the blood, and secretes bile

A

“Liver”

65
Q

Lymph Vessels

A

“Thin-walled vessels like blood vessels that carry lymph”

66
Q

Lymph

A

“It gets rid of toxins”

67
Q

It gets rid of toxins

A

“Lymph”

68
Q

Thin-walled vessels like blood vessels that carry lymph

A

“Lymph Vessels”

69
Q

Maltase

A

“Found in saliva, and it breaks down maltose into glucose”

70
Q

Found in saliva, and it breaks down maltose into glucose

A

“Maltase”

71
Q

Mechanical Digestion

A

“Physically breaking down food into smaller pieces”

72
Q

Physically breaking down food into smaller pieces

A

“Mechanical Digestion”

73
Q

Metabolism

A

“The process of your body converting food into energy”

74
Q

The process of your body converting food into energy

A

“Metabolism”

75
Q

Microvilli

A

“Villi found in the small intestine that absorb nutrients”

76
Q

Villi found in the small intestine that absorb nutrients

A

“Microvilli”

77
Q

Minerals

A

“Help your body grow, and get stronger”

78
Q

Help your body grow, and get stronger

A

“Minerals”

79
Q

Molars

A

“Large flat teeth at the back of your mouth for grinding and chewing”

80
Q

Large flat teeth at the back of your mouth for grinding and chewing

A

“Molars”

81
Q

Monosaccharides

A

“Simple sugars such as glucose, fructose, galactose”

82
Q

Simple sugars such as glucose, fructose, galactose

A

“Monosaccharides”

83
Q

Nutrients

A

“A substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life”

84
Q

A substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life

A

“Nutrients”

85
Q

Pancreas

A

“It stores Lipase. Converts food to fuel, and regulates blood sugar”

86
Q

It stores Lipase. Converts food to fuel, and regulates blood suga

A

“Pancreas”

87
Q

Pancreatic Amylase

A

“A type of amylase that completes digestion of carbs in the small intestine”

88
Q

A type of amylase that completes digestion of carbs in the small intestine

A

“Pancreatic Amylase”

89
Q

Pepsin

A

“The enzyme in our stomach that breaks down Protein”

90
Q

The enzyme in our stomach that breaks down Protein

A

“Pepsin”

91
Q

Peptidase

A

“An enzyme which breaks down peptides into amino acids”

92
Q

An enzyme which breaks down peptides into amino acids

A

“Peptidase”

93
Q

Peristalsis

A

“Involuntary wave-like movements primarily along the digestive tract”

94
Q

Involuntary wave-like movements primarily along the digestive tract

A

“Peristalsis”

95
Q

Pharynx

A

“The part that allows you to swallow food. (Your throat)”

96
Q

The part that allows you to swallow food. (Your throat)

A

“Pharynx”

97
Q

Polypeptide

A

“The buildings block of a single linear chain of many amino acids’

98
Q

The buildings block of a single linear chain of many amino acids

A

“Polypeptide”

99
Q

Probiotics

A

“Live bacteria and yeasts that help prevent infections and diseases”

100
Q

Live bacteria and yeasts that help prevent infections and diseases

A

“Probiotics”

101
Q

Protein

A

“Are essential for repairing and building your body’s tissues”

102
Q

Are essential for repairing and building your body’s tissues

A

“Protein”

103
Q

Pyloric Sphincter

A

“The valve controls the amount of food coming from the stomach to small intestine”

104
Q

The valve controls the amount of food coming from the stomach to small intestine

A

“Pyloric Sphincter”

105
Q

Rectum

A

“The final section of the large intestine, ending at the anus”

106
Q

The final section of the large intestine, ending at the anus

A

“Rectum”

107
Q

Rugae

A

“Series of ridges in the stomach”

108
Q

Series of ridges in the stomach

A

“Rugae”

109
Q

Saliva

A

“Watery substance full of enzymes in the mouth”

110
Q

Watery substance full of enzymes in the mouth

A

“Saliva”

111
Q

Salivary Amylase

A

“Enzyme in the mouth that starts the digestion of carbohydrates”

112
Q

An enzyme in the mouth that starts the digestion of carbohydrates

A

“Salivary Amylase”

113
Q

Salivary Glands

A

“Glands in the mouth that produce saliva”

114
Q

Glands in the mouth that produce saliva

A

“Salivary Glands”

115
Q

The 2 Salivary glands are called

A

Parotid (At front) and Submaxillary (At Back) glands

116
Q

Parotid (At front) and Submaxillary (At Back) glands are?

A

The 2 Salivary glands

117
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

A

“Also known as baking soda. Which is used to relieve heartburn, sour stomach, or acid indigestion”

118
Q

Also known as baking soda. Which is used to relieve heartburn, sour stomach, or acid indigestion

A

“Sodium Bicarbonate”

119
Q

Sucrase

A

“An enzyme that helps break down sucrose (simple sugar)”

120
Q

An enzyme that helps break down sucrose (simple sugar)

A

“Sucrase”

121
Q

Triglyceride

A

“A type of fat found in your blood”

122
Q

A type of fat found in your blood

A

“Triglyceride”

123
Q

Trypsin

A

“An enzyme in the small intestine that breaks down protein”

124
Q

An enzyme in the small intestine that breaks down protein

A

“Trypsin”

125
Q

Uvula

A

“Fleshy extension that helps prevent food from going into your nasal cavity”

126
Q

Fleshy extension that helps prevent food from going into your nasal cavity

A

“Uvula”

127
Q

Villi

A

“Small, finger-like structures in the small intestine. They help to absorb digested food”

128
Q

“Small, finger-like structures in the small intestine. They help to absorb digested food

A

“Villi”

129
Q

Vitamins

A

“Help your body grow, heal wounds, boost the immune system, and convert food to energy”

130
Q

Help your body grow, heal wounds, boost the immune system, and convert food to energy

A

“Vitamins”

131
Q

Cell

A

“The basic unit of structure and function in living things”

132
Q

Tissue

A

“A group of cells that perform a single function”

133
Q

The basic unit of structure and function in living things

A

“Cell”

134
Q

A group of cells that perform a single function

A

“Tissue”

135
Q

How much can the stomach hold at one time?

A

2-4 Liters

136
Q

What can hold 2-4 Liters in your body?

A

The Stomach

137
Q

How long is the “Esophagus”?

A

25 to 20 centimeters long

138
Q

Whats 25 to 20 centimeters long?

A

The “Esophagus”

139
Q

How long is the Entire Digestive system?

A

“30 Feet”

140
Q

Whats 30 Feet long?

A

“The digestive system”

Biology Grade 11 (2 decks)

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