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Oral Pathology > Unit 1 (Terminology) > Flashcards

Unit 1 (Terminology) Flashcards

1
Q

Pathology

A

the study of the nature of disease, its causes, development, and consequences

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2
Q

Pathogenesis

A

the development or progression of disease

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3
Q

Pathologic

A

change resulting from disease

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4
Q

Physiologic

A

change resulting from normal function or process

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5
Q

Histopathology

A

the study of cell/tissue structure of abnormal or diseased tissue

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6
Q

Etiology

A

cause

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7
Q

Idiopathic

A

of unknown etiology

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8
Q

Syndrome

A

group of signs/symptoms that occur together OR a disorder of multiple symptoms and causes

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9
Q

Diagnosis

A

determination of the nature of a disease using clinical exam and other producers

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10
Q

Prognosis

A

forecast or prediction of the probable course and/or outcome if a disease based on data collected

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11
Q

Necrosis

A

death of tissue noted by changes in the nucleus

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12
Q

Tumor

A

solid mass consisting of new growth in which the growth is uncontrolled and progressive

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13
Q

Abscess

A

circumscribed (localized) collection of pus

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14
Q

Wheal

A

hive or swelling; serum-filled papule or plaque associated with the release of histamine

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15
Q

Metaplasia

A

transformation of cells from one type to another type not normally found in the area

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16
Q

Hyperplasia

A

enlargement of tissue due to an increase in the NUMBER of cells

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17
Q

Aplasia

A

lack of tissue/growth; or lack of an organ

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18
Q

Hypertrophy

A

enlargement of tissue due to an increase in SIZE of cells

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19
Q

Atrophy

A

decrease in size of tissue due to decrease in the size of the cell

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20
Q

What structures of the oral cavity is derived from the epithelium (ectoderm)?

A

mucosa, glands, enamel

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21
Q

What structures of the oral cavity is derived from the connective tissue (mesenchymal cells)?

A

cartilage, bone, cementum, periodontal ligament, pulp, tendons, ligaments, fat, dentin

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22
Q

Macule

A

flat, nonpalpable, different color than surrounding tissue

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23
Q

Patch

A

large, flat, nonpalpable, different color than surrounding tissue

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24
Q

Papule

A

raised (elevated), palpable, same or different color

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25
Plaque
large, raised, palpable, same or different color
26
Vesicle
small, elevated, fluid-filled
27
Bulla
large vesicle
28
Lobule
lobe or segmented of the whole
29
Nodule
solid, palpable, elevated, deeper, firmer and larger than papule
30
Exophytic
growing outward
31
Endophytic
growing inward into the underlying tissue
32
Pustule
circumscribed, elevated, containing pus
33
Sessile
having a broad or flat base
34
Pedunculated
on a stalk or stem-type base
35
Ulcer
depressed, crater, loss of epidermis
36
Corrugated
deeply wrinkled
37
Fissure
linear cleft, groove, furrow
38
Papillary
having small nipple-like projections in clusters
39
Verrucous
wart-like
40
Varicose
engorged, distended blood vessels
41
Extravasated
blood forced out of vessel into the surrounding tissue
42
Petechia
pinpoint size, red, extravasation
43
Purpura
submucosal hemorrhage, larger than petechial, extravasation
44
Ecchymosis
"bruise", submucosal hemorrhage, extravasation
45
Hematoma
pooling of blood, submucosal hemorrhage, elevated, extravasation
46
Radiopaque
white/light areas, high density tissues
47
Radiolucent
dark/black areas, lower density tissues
48
Coalescence
fusing; parts of a whole joining to make one large lession
49
Multilocular
many compartments or chambers
50
Unilocular
one compartment
51
Circumscribed
with well-defined borders
52
Diffuse
with undefined borders
53
Scalloping around roots
effect occurring when a radiolucency extends between root of an xray
54
Resorption of bone or root
shortened bone seen radioscopically due to orthodontia
55
What are the 8 categories of diagnosing?
-clinical -radiographic -historical -laboratory -microscopic -surgical -therapeutic -differential
56
Clinical
diagnosis by appearance and palpation of the lesion/abnormality
57
Radiographic
diagnosis by viewing radiographic appearance
58
Historical
diagnosis by personal, genetic, past/present medical and dental history
59
Labratory
diagnosis by lab tests
60
Microscopic
diagnosis by microscopic examination of smear or biopsied tissue
61
Surgical
diagnosis by exploratory surgery
62
Therapeutic
diagnosis by administration of drugs/vitamins
63
Differential
diagnosis by listing all possible diagnosis and then eliminating all but the actual diagnosis by applying the other methods listed above
64
What is the difference between differential and definitive diagnosis?
differential leads to the definitive diagnosis
65
Fordyce's Granules
ectopic sebaceous glands
66
Linea Alba
white line associated with cheek biting
67
Mandibular Tori
excessive bone located on the lingual aspects of the mandible
68
Torus Palatinus
bony growth on the hard palate
69
Exostosis
general term for excessive bone
70
Melanin Pigmentation
localized macules of pigmentation caused by presence of melanin
71
Lingual Varicosities
bulging blood vessels
72
Leukoedema
opalescent grayish filminess on the buccal mucosa seen in African Americans and disappears when stretched
73
Lingual Lymphoid
oral tonsils located on the lateral borders of the tongue and are embedded in the folate papillae
74
Lingual Thyroid Nodule
thyroid tissue that has not distended and are located on the tongue
75
Retrocuspid Papilla
a nodule of tissue on the gingiva located on the mandibular canines
76
Fissured Tongue
benign condition characterized by deep grooves in the top surface of the tongue
77
Hairy Tongue
elongated filiform papillae
78
Crenated Tongue
indentations along the margins pressing on the teeth in occlusion
79
Median Rhomboid Glossitis
diamond/oval shaped denuded (bald) area, anterior to the circumualate papillae
80
Geographic Tongue
denuded (bald) filiform papilla
81
Commissural Lip Pits
lip dimples
82
Paramedian Lip Pits
rare congenital invaginations on either or both side of the midline of the lower lip vermilion; may extend deep into lip to express saliva
83
Caliculus Angularis
small pink keratinized papule on buccal mucosa at the commissure

Oral Pathology (1 decks)

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