Unit 1 Term 1 exam Flashcards
What hormone triggers ovulation?
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Which hormone maintains pregnancy?
Progesterone
Where is FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) produced?
Pituitary gland
What hormone causes milk let-down and uterine contractions?
Oxytocin
What does prostaglandin do?
Breaks down the corpus luteum to restart the reproductive cycle
What hormone stimulates signs of heat (estrus)?
Estrogen
What is the main male reproductive hormone?
Testosterone
What is the difference between growth and development?
Growth = Increase in size/mass.
Development = Changes in structure/function (e.g., puberty, organ formation).
What are two ways to measure growth?
Weight gain and skeletal measurements.
What are the main functions of the skeletal system?
Support, movement, protection, blood cell production, and mineral storage.
What is the difference between axial and appendicular skeleton?
Axial = Skull, spine, ribs
Appendicular = Limbs (legs, arms, wings)
What are the main components of the circulatory system?
Heart, blood vessels, and blood.
What is the function of arteries vs. veins?
- Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
- Veins carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart.
What are the main parts of the male reproductive system?
Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, penis, accessory glands.
What are the main parts of the female reproductive system?
Ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, vagina
What is the difference between monogastric and ruminant digestion?
Monogastric = One simple stomach (e.g., pigs, humans).
Ruminant = Four-chambered stomach (e.g., cows, sheep).
What are the four parts of a ruminant’s stomach?
Rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum.
What is Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)?
Amount of feed needed to gain 1kg of body weight.
What does Average Daily Gain (ADG) measure?
The weight an animal gains per day over a period of time.
What are three types of breeding systems?
- Pure breeding – Same breed mates.
- Crossbreeding – Different breeds mate for hybrid vigor.
- Artificial Insemination (AI) – Sperm collected and manually placed in the female.
What is hybrid vigor?
Improved traits in crossbred animals (e.g., faster growth, disease resistance).
what are the four types of fat that occur in animal in order?
- Saturated fat
- Monounsaturated fat
- Polyunsaturated fat
- Trans fat
