Unit 1 Sub-topic 1 Flashcards
Cells
What are the 4 macromolecules/biomolecules?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
What is a monomer?
The building block => each biomolecules is made up of its own monomers
Name the monomer of each biomolecule
Carbohydrates => monosaccharide, Lipids => glycerol and fatty acids, Proteins => amino acids, Nucleic acid => nucleotide (comprised of phosphate, pentose sugar and a base)
Monosaccharides can form to create…
Disaccharides and polysaccharides
Modern cell theory
All living things are made from cells
Are prokaryotic cells unicellular of multicellular?
Unicellular
Are eukaryotic cells unicellular or multicellular?
They can be both
Name the similarities of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
Both have DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm, cell membrane
What does the organelle ribosome do?
Makes proteins
What is the cytoplasm?
A gelatinous liquid that fill the inside of a cell
What makes prokaryotic cells different to eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus (no rhymes with pro), no membrane bound organelles
What makes eukaryotic cells different to prokaryotic cells?
More complex and larger, membrane bound organelles, have a nucleus (eu rhymes with do)
What is the structure of a prokaryotic cell?
Pilus, capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, nucleoid, cytoplasm, ribosomes, flagellum
Structure of a eukaryotic cell
Mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi body, cell membrane
What are the organelles that facilitate biochemical processes in eukaryotic cells?
Chloroplast => photosynthesis, mitochondria => cellular respiration, lysosomes => waste removal, rough ER => synthesis of complex molecules, smooth ER => synthesis or carbs lipids and steriods
