Unit 1 - States of matter

Question 1

State of matter

Answer 1

Each state of matter has a different set of properties that distinguishes them from each other.

Question 2

Properties of Solids

Answer 2

• Fixed shape and volume.
• Cannot be compressed.

Question 3

Properties of Liquids

Answer 3

• No fixed shape, but take the shape of their container.
• Fixed volume.
• Can flow.
• Cannot be compressed.

Question 4

Properties of Gases

Answer 4

• No fixed shape, but take the shape of their container.
• Do not have a fixed volume, but take up the volume of their container.
• Can flow.
• Can be compressed.

Question 5

Particle model for solids, liquids and gases

Answer 5

The movement of a substance comes from the movement of the particles and how they held together by forces of attraction. It is not possible to see particles so scientists use a particle model to explain the arrangement and movement.

Question 6

Particle model of a solid

Answer 6

Particles are closely packed together in a regular arrangement and can only vibrate.

Question 7

Particle model of a liquid

Answer 7

Particles are still closely packed (further than solid) but they can flow over each other so they have an irregular.

Question 8

Particle model of a gas

Answer 8

Particles are very far apart and bounces off each other so they have an irregular arrangement.

Question 9

Changing state

Answer 9

When particles change states because of external electrostatic forces.

Question 10

Melting

Answer 10

By applying thermal energy to a solid substance and it will eventually became a liquid. The temperature at which all the particles in a solid melt into a liquid is the melting point.

Question 11

Evaporation

Answer 11

If you further apply energy the liquid will start to evaporate into a gas. Particles evaporate from the surface of a liquid at any temperature but the rate of evaporation increases as the temperature increases.

Question 12

Boiling

Answer 12

To convert all the particles in a liquid to a gas the is a specific temperature needed for each liquid. Boiling is we thermal energy is applied to a liquid to obtain a gas. The temperature needed for a liquid to be completely converted to a gas is the boiling point.