Unit 1 Section 2

Question 0

Define prejudice

Answer 0

Making a set of pre judged opinions or characteristics of a certain group of people.

Question 1

Structure of 15 marks

Answer 1

Introduction

Paragraph 1- For (case studies)

Paragraph 2 - Against (case studies)

Conclusion - overall balanced opionion to the question!

Question 2

Discrimination

Answer 2

Acting on prejudiced beliefs.
TYPES OF DISCRIMINATION
- Direct: obvious and deliberate
- Indirect: not directly intended but actions lead some people not being able to take part in everyday life
- Positive: actions intended to improve a persons situation and directly counter the discrimination they face
- Negative: act on prejudice and treat a person unfairly.

Question 3

Sexism

Answer 3

Discriminating against someone due to their sex/gender

Question 4

Racism

Answer 4

Discriminating against someone due to their religion/race

Question 5

Homophobia

Answer 5

Discriminating against someone who is homosexual

Question 6

Islamophobia

Answer 6

Discriminating against someone who believes in Islam

Question 7

Anti-semitism

Answer 7

Discriminating against someone who is Jewish

Question 8

Genocide

Answer 8

The killing/eliminating of a certain set of people e.g. Holocaust/Rwanda

Question 9

Gender

Answer 9

Whether you identify yourself as male/female

Question 11

Meritocracy

Answer 11

When everyone in society has a fair have to achieve their goals and so differences in status/employment/income etc. are earned

Question 12

Life chances

Answer 12

Opportunities available to a different citizen and group of citizens

Question 13

Relative poverty

Answer 13

Not having enough to flourish in society

Question 14

Absolute poverty

Answer 14

When someone does not have enough to afford the basic necessities needed for human survival

Question 15

Underclass

Answer 15

A group or society who, over generations, are excluded from normal society.

Question 15

Cycle of poverty

Answer 15

The idea that if you are born into poverty you remain in poverty. It is like a vicious cycle!

Question 17

Equality

Answer 17

Equal rights for all citizens

Equality act 2010
-brings together all previous anti- discrimination legislation

Human rights act 1998
-person can go to the European courts if state does violates the persons right

Question 18

Rights

Answer 18

Absolute right
- Cannot be breached

Limited rights
- Can be taken away in specific defined circumstances

Qualified right
- can be taken away in a broader range of circumstances as long as it is justified and proportionate.

Question 19

DATA PROTECTION ACT (1998)

Answer 19

Law designed to protect personal data

Contains 8 principles one of which is that data must be kept secure

It gives us the right to change incorrect data

Question 20

FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (2000)

Answer 20

Law designed to allow individuals to request access to any information held by “public authorities” whether it be about them or not!

Requests can be declined if the request is unnecessary- or it is too expensive ( administrative reasons)

Question 21

Civil law

Answer 21

When there is dispute between two people or companies usually civil cases that are brought when someone feels damage has been done to them- remedy is usually compensation

Civil courts

• County court
• High court
• Court of appeal
• Supreme Court

Question 22

Criminal law

Answer 22

When someone breaks a law. Crimes against society as a whole e.g. Theft/murder/vandalism
Remedy is usually a criminal punishment

Criminal courts

• Magistrates court
• Crown court
• Court of appeal
• Supreme Court

Question 23

Aims of sentencing

Answer 23

Criminal justice act (2003)

1. Punishment: punishment after crime
2. Deterrence: put them off a crime
3. Rehabilitate: looks at the offender and their behaviour.
4. Public protection: offender is away from the public
5. Reparation: doing something to makeup for the offence

Question 24

Aggravating factors

Answer 24

???

Question 25

Mitigating factors

Answer 25

???