Unit 1: Reproductive Cycle And General Development Flashcards
What is embryology?
The study of early development. In a brand sense it includes development through birth
What are the developmental periods?
Prenatal, Perinatal, Postnatal
Prenatal period
before birth
Perinatal Period
around the time of birth (third trimester - 1st month of life)
Postnatal period
after birth
Trimester
a period of 3 months of development
Gestation is divided how?
Into first, second, and third trimesters
What are the specific developmental periods?
1) Fertilization and Implantation
2) Embryonic period
3) Fetal Period
4) Infancy
5) Childhood
6) Adolescence
7) Adulthood
When is Fertilization and Implantation
0-2 weeks in utero
When is the Embryonic period
3-8 weeks in utero (great period of development)
When is the Fetal Period
9-38 weeks in utero
When is Infancy
birth to 1 year
When is Childhood
1 year to puberty
When is Adolescence
puberty to adulthood
When is Adulthood
between 18 and 21 years
What is the infant called the first month after birth?
Neonate
What is neonatology
pediatric specialty involving disorders of neonates (there are sometimes complication from transition from the placenta to the real world)
What is teratology?
the study of abnormal development
What is a teratogen?
a drug or agent which can cause abnormal developments
example of a teratogen?
Retinoids (found in accutane: cause facial, cis, and cardiovascular malformations) Metformin (paternal issues)
What is the period of greatest sensitivity to teratogenesis?
Embryonic period
what is teratogenesis
abnormal development
What is anatomical position
standing in the erect position with head, eyes, and toes facing forward, the heels and toes are together, and arms hanging at the side with palms facing forward
What are the planes of the body?
1) Median (midsagittal) 2) sagittal plane 3) parasagittal 4) criminal (frontal) 5) horizontal (transverse)
what is the median (midsagittal) plane of the body?
a vertical plane which passes through the midline of the body separating it into left and right halves
what is the sagittal plane of the body?
any vertical plane which passes through the body, either within or parallel to the median plane
what is the parasagittal plane of the body?
any vertical line that passes through the body but not within the median plane
what is the coronal (frontal) plane of the body
any vertical plane that passes through the body at a right angle to the median plane, dividing the body into anterior and posterior halves
What is the horizontal (transverse) plane of the body?
Any plane which passes through the body, at right angles to both the median and coronal planes, dividing the body into upper and lower parts
List the directional terms
1 superior (cranial or rostral)
